Approximately 4400 athletes from 184 nations competed in 22 sports at the 2024 Paris Paralympic Games. However, it is recognised that athletes with more severe disabilities and high support needs are under-represented in sport, and strategies to increase representation are required. Focusing on individuals with cerebral palsy (CP), we present evidence that people with high support needs are also under-represented in Para sport and exercise medicine (P-SEM) research. We outline why single case experimental designs (SCEDs) are a rigorous and effective means of addressing under-representation in P-SEM research. CP is an eligible underlying health condition for 17 of the 22 Paralympic sports. It results from a non-progressive brain lesion and is defined as a heterogeneous group of permanent disorders affecting movement and posture.1 CP heterogeneity is multidimensional and can be classified based on: Additionally 95% of people with CP have >1 comorbidity2 but CP-HSN have a greater prevalence of serious comorbidity including cortical blindness, deafness, gavage feeding and seizure disorders.3 At least three major reviews have analysed randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluate exercise training in people with CP and all report that CP-HSN participants are under-represented.4–6 CP-HSN constitutes approximately 30% of the CP population7 but …

中文翻译：

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单例实验设计：解决残疾人运动和运动医学研究中不平等问题和提高精确度的严格方法


来自 184 个国家的约 4400 名运动员参加了 2024 年巴黎残奥会的 22 个运动项目的比赛。然而，人们认识到，残疾更严重、支持需求更高的运动员在体育运动中的代表性不足，因此需要制定增加代表性的策略。我们专注于脑瘫 （CP） 患者，提供证据表明，具有高支持需求的人在残疾人运动和运动医学 （P-SEM） 研究中也代表性不足。我们概述了为什么单案例实验设计 （SCED） 是解决 P-SEM 研究中代表性不足的严格而有效的手段。CP 是 22 个残奥会运动项目中 17 个项目的合格潜在健康状况。它由非进行性脑损伤引起，被定义为影响运动和姿势的一组异质性永久性疾病.1 CP 异质性是多维的，可以根据以下因素进行分类：此外，95% 的 CP 患者患有 >1 合并症2，但 CP-HSN 的严重合并症患病率更高，包括皮质盲、耳聋、管饲喂养和癫痫症.3 至少有三项主要综述分析了随机对照试验 （RCT）评估 CP 患者的运动训练，并且都报告说 CP-HSN 参与者的代表性不足.4-6 CP-HSN 约占 CP 人群的 30%7 但是......