The scarcity of Holocene winter temperature records from the core area of the Mongolian-Siberian High (MSH) hampers our understanding of the long-term evolution of the MSH and its modulation of the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM). Here we use the body size of Pediastrum, a new and sensitive temperature proxy, from the sediments of Tolbo Lake in the western Mongolian Plateau, to reconstruct changes in winter temperature in the core area of the MSH during the Holocene. A large-scale investigation of modern Pediastrum body size across East Asia indicates that it is an accurate proxy indicator for mean winter temperature. The Holocene winter temperature based on Pediastrum body size from Tolbo Lake shows a general warming trend with the maximum at ∼2.6 ka. The current warming has attained the magnitude of the previous Holocene maximum, despite the underlying forcing being different. The mid-late Holocene winter warming in inland Eurasia may have weakened the MSH and reduced the intensity of the EAWM.

中文翻译：

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蒙古西部高原呈现全新世温度升高


来自蒙古-西伯利亚高压 （MSH） 核心区全新世冬季温度记录的稀缺阻碍了我们对 MSH 的长期演变及其对东亚冬季风 （EAWM） 的调制的理解。在这里，我们使用来自蒙古高原西部 Tolbo 湖沉积物的 Pediastrum 的体型（一种新的敏感温度代理）来重建全新世期间 MSH 核心区域冬季温度的变化。对东亚现代 Pediastrum 体型的大规模调查表明，它是冬季平均温度的准确替代指标。基于 Tolbo 湖的 Pediastrum 体型的全新世冬季温度显示出总体变暖趋势，最高值为 ∼2.6 ka。目前的变暖已经达到了之前全新世最大值的幅度，尽管潜在的强迫不同。欧亚大陆内陆全新世中晚期冬季变暖可能削弱了 MSH 并降低了 EAWM 的强度。