Applied Water Science ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 , DOI: 10.1007/s13201-024-02263-7 Shayan Shamohammadi
Throughout history, many scientists considered time as the result of changing the world and believed that time is not true. Among those who say that time is not true, Einstein is the only one who was able to mathematically explain the relativity of time in the field of geometry (space time) and present his equations in relativistic physics. Although Einstein, like other scientists, did not provide a clear definition of time, he presented the relativity of time well. He showed that time is not independent of space and bends along with space. Also, Einstein used the speed of light to convert mass into energy to introduce the law of mass–energy equivalence. Currently, basic laws such as conservation of mass, conservation of energy and equivalence of mass and energy have been presented. Recently, due to the importance of time in the development of science, especially in the field of water and chemistry, “timemass equivalence law” has also been presented (by the author). In this research, with the aim of expanding the relativity of time in the flows of mass and energy (not the field of motion and geometry), while presenting new definitions of “phenomenon”, “time” and “specific speed of transformation”, in addition to the theory of “mass equivalence law” “Time” was completed, the general equations of equivalence of energy time—and timemass were introduced. Then, to check the results more accurately, the general masstime equation (in this study, absorption kinetics) by performing surface absorption experiments of heavy metals (Fe + 2, Pb + 2, Zn + 2, Ni + 2, Cd + 2, Cu + 2)) was investigated by the adsorbents of green walnut shell (GWH) and its biochar (GWHB), and the results are tested in different ways.
中文翻译:
现代建模基础和时间相对论在经典物理领域的扩展
纵观历史,许多科学家认为时间是改变世界的结果,并认为时间不是真实的。在那些说时间不真实的人中,爱因斯坦是唯一能够在几何(时空)领域用数学方法解释时间相对论并在相对论物理学中提出他的方程的人。尽管爱因斯坦和其他科学家一样没有给出时间的明确定义,但他很好地阐述了时间的相对论。他证明了时间并不是独立于空间的,而是随着空间而弯曲的。此外,爱因斯坦利用光速将质量转化为能量,引入了质能等效定律。目前,质量守恒、能量守恒、质能等价等基本定律已经被提出。最近,由于时间在科学发展中的重要性,特别是在水和化学领域,“时间质量等效定律”也被提出(作者)。在这项研究中,旨在扩展质量和能量流(而不是运动场和几何场)中的时间相对性,同时提出“现象”、“时间”和“特定变换速度”的新定义,除了完成“质量等效定律”“时间”理论外,还引入了能量时间和时间质量等价的一般方程。然后,为了更准确地检查结果,通过进行重金属(Fe + 2、Pb + 2、Zn + 2、Ni + 2、Cd + 2、以绿核桃壳(GWH)及其生物炭(GWHB)为吸附剂对Cu + 2))进行了研究,并通过不同方式测试了结果。