In the global search for sustainable and environmentally friendly materials, the efficient utilization of biomass resources has become a hot research topic. Due to the high specific surface area, nanocellulose crystals (CNCs) have attracted considerable attention. However, CNC preparation often requires the separation of lignin and hemicellulose, which wastes resources. In this study, lignin-containing cellulose nanocrystals (LCNCs) and lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were prepared from p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH)/formic acid (FA) pretreated poplar wood in one-step. The process was performed in a mixed acid system with a mass ratio of p-TsOH, FA, and deionized water (DI) of 3:5:2, and mechanical stirring at 80 ºC for 3 h. Under these conditions, the lignin removal rate was about 70 %, and the LCNCs yield was more than 40 %. The p-TsOH is regained by vacuum distillation and recrystallization, and the recovery rate can reach 60 %. The prepared LCNCs were then carbonized and used as an electrode for electrochemical testing. The electrode obtained by carbonizing LCNC exhibits an areal capacitance of 156.4 F g⁻¹ (0.5 A g⁻¹). The study provided a new prospect for the efficient utilization of lignocellulosic nanomaterials.

在全球寻找可持续、环保材料的过程中，生物质资源的高效利用已成为研究热点。由于纳米纤维素晶体（CNC）具有高比表面积，引起了人们的广泛关注。然而，CNC制备往往需要分离木质素和半纤维素，浪费资源。本研究以对甲苯磺酸（ p -TsOH）/甲酸（FA）预处理的杨木为原料，一步制备了含木质素的纤维素纳米晶体（LCNC）和木质素纳米颗粒（LNP）。该过程在p -TsOH、FA和去离子水(DI)的质量比为3:5:2的混合酸体系中进行，在80℃下机械搅拌3小时。在此条件下，木质素去除率约为70%，LCNCs产率大于40%。通过减压蒸馏、重结晶回收p -TsOH，回收率可达60%。然后将制备的 LCNC 碳化并用作电化学测试的电极。通过碳化LCNC获得的电极表现出156.4F g ^-1 (0.5A g ^-1 )的面积电容。该研究为木质纤维素纳米材料的高效利用提供了新的前景。