Rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries (RMBs) have garnered increasing research interest in the field of post-lithium-ion battery technologies owing to their potential for high energy density, enhanced safety, cost-effectiveness, and material resourcefulness. Despite substantial advancements in RMB research, a number of intrinsic challenges remain unresolved, such as the strong Coulombic interaction between Mg²⁺ and the host crystal structure of cathode materials, sluggish Mg²⁺ diffusion kinetic, poor electrolyte compatibility, and the formation of passivation films on the Mg anode interface. These issues hinder the commercial applications of RMBs. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the progress in key areas of RMB research, including representative magnesium-ion storage cathode/anode materials and magnesium-ion conducting electrolytes. Additionally, recent developments in electrode-electrolyte interface regulations and pouch-cell fabrication are outlined, highlighting current challenges and the implementation of effective solutions. Finally, future research directions are proposed to guide the development of high-performance RMBs with practical applications.

中文翻译：

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可充电镁离子电池的挑战与进展：材料、接口和设备


可充电镁离子电池 （RMB） 因其高能量密度、增强的安全性、成本效益和材料资源的潜力，在后锂离子电池技术领域引起了越来越多的研究兴趣。尽管 RMB 研究取得了重大进展，但仍有许多内在挑战仍未解决，例如 Mg²⁺ 与正极材料主体晶体结构之间的强库仑相互作用、Mg²⁺ 扩散动力学缓慢、电解质相容性差以及在 Mg 阳极界面上形成钝化膜。这些问题阻碍了人民币的商业应用。本文全面综述了 RMB 研究重点领域的进展，包括代表性的镁离子存储阴极/负极材料和镁离子导电电解质。此外，还概述了电极-电解质界面法规和软包电池制造的最新发展，突出了当前的挑战和有效解决方案的实施。最后，提出了未来的研究方向，以指导具有实际应用的高性能 RMB 的开发。