The superconducting quantum interference (SQI) patterns of Josephson junctions fabricated from hybrid structures that interface an s-wave superconductor with a topological insulator can be used to detect signatures of novel quasiparticle states. Here, we compare calculated and experimental SQI patterns obtained from hybrid junctions fabricated on cadmium arsenide, a two-dimensional topological insulator. The calculations account for the effects of Abrikosov (anti-) vortices in the superconducting contacts. They describe the experimentally observed deviations of the SQI from an ideal Fraunhofer pattern, including anomalous phase shifts, node lifting, even/odd modulations of the lobes, irregular lobe spacing, and an asymmetry in the positive/negative magnetic field. We also show that under a current bias, these vortices enter the electrodes even if there is no intentionally applied external magnetic field. The results show that Abrikosov vortices in the electrodes of the junctions can explain many of the observed anomalies in the SQI patterns of topological insulator Josephson junctions.

由将 s 波超导体与拓扑绝缘体连接的混合结构制成的约瑟夫森结的超导量子干涉 (SQI) 图案可用于检测新型准粒子态的特征。在这里，我们比较了在砷化镉（一种二维拓扑绝缘体）上制造的混合结获得的计算 SQI 模式和实验 SQI 模式。计算考虑了超导接触中阿布里科索夫（反）涡流的影响。他们描述了实验观察到的 SQI 与理想弗劳恩霍夫模式的偏差，包括异常相移、节点提升、波瓣的偶/奇调制、不规则波瓣间距以及正/负磁场的不对称。我们还表明，在电流偏置下，即使没有有意施加外部磁场，这些涡流也会进入电极。结果表明，结电极中的阿布里科索夫涡旋可以解释拓扑绝缘体约瑟夫森结的 SQI 模式中观察到的许多异常现象。