In this study, we utilized 2H SNIF NMR and chemometric techniques to differentiate the botanical origin of raw materials used in vodka production in Poland, specifically focusing on plants with C3 metabolism such as grain, potato, and sugar beet. Additionally, for the first time, mixtures of alcohols from different C3 plants were analysed to detect adulteration. Our goal was to determine if it is possible to detect the addition of a different raw material in vodka made from a mixture of alcohols derived from C3 plants. Significant isotopic differences were confirmed using analysis of variance and Tukey's tests. Linear relationships in grain-potato, grain-sugar beet, and beet-potato mixtures enabled composition determination. The detectability threshold for adulterants ranged from 10 % to 50 %, depending on the type of raw material. Our findings suggest that 2H SNIF-NMR is an effective tool for authenticating vodka and detecting adulteration in products marketed as “Polish vodka.”

中文翻译：

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使用 2H SNIF NMR 鉴定酒精的植物来源：“波兰伏特加”PGI 案例研究


在这项研究中，我们利用 2H SNIF NMR 和化学计量学技术来区分波兰伏特加生产中使用的原材料的植物来源，特别关注具有 C3 代谢的植物，如谷物、马铃薯和甜菜。此外，首次分析了来自不同 C3 植物的醇类混合物以检测掺假。我们的目标是确定是否有可能检测到由 C3 植物衍生的醇类混合物制成的伏特加中添加的不同原材料。使用方差分析和 Tukey 检验证实了显着的同位素差异。谷物-马铃薯、谷物-甜菜和甜菜-马铃薯混合物中的线性关系有助于确定成分。掺杂物的可检测阈值范围为 10 % 至 50 %，具体取决于原材料的类型。我们的研究结果表明，2H SNIF-NMR 是鉴定伏特加和检测以“波兰伏特加”为名的产品中的掺假的有效工具。