Self-control – the ability to alter unwanted impulses and behavior to bring them into agreement with goal-driven responses – is key during adolescence. It helps young people navigate through the myriad challenges they encounter while transitioning into adulthood. We review empirical milestones in our understanding of how individual differences in adolescent self-control exist and develop. We show how the use of molecular genetic measures allows us to move beyond nature versus nurture, and actually investigate how both nature and nurture explain individual differences in self-control. By highlighting the role of gene-environment correlations and gene-environment interactions, this paper aims to enthuse fellow researchers, with or without a background in genetics, to apply genetically sensitive designs too.

中文翻译：

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青少年自我控制的个体差异：基因与环境相互作用的作用


自我控制——改变不想要的冲动和行为，使其与目标驱动的反应一致的能力——是青春期的关键。它帮助年轻人应对在过渡到成年时遇到的无数挑战。我们回顾了我们理解青少年自我控制的个体差异如何存在和发展的经验里程碑。我们展示了分子遗传学测量的使用如何使我们超越先天与后天的关系，并实际研究先天和后天如何解释自我控制的个体差异。通过强调基因-环境相关性和基因-环境相互作用的作用，本文旨在激励有或没有遗传学背景的研究人员也应用遗传敏感的设计。