Habits are often beneficial to goal pursuit. They reduce the need for self-control by automating behavior, thereby streamlining decision-making and decreasing temptations and motivational interference. Given that habits outsource behavioral control to the environment, stable performance contexts are critical for habit formation and performance. However, when goals change, unwanted habit memories still persist. Then, the automaticity of habit impedes goal pursuit. Although unwanted habits cannot easily be changed by exerting self-control, altering the performance context and reward structure are more effective. In sum, the article challenges traditional views on deliberate self-control and offers a new perspective on achieving long-term goals through habit formation.

中文翻译：

---

超越刻意的自我控制：习惯会自动实现长期目标


习惯通常对追求目标有益。它们通过自动化行为来减少对自我控制的需求，从而简化决策并减少诱惑和动机干扰。鉴于习惯将行为控制外包给环境，稳定的表现环境对于习惯的形成和表现至关重要。然而，当目标发生变化时，不想要的习惯记忆仍然存在。然后，习惯的自动性阻碍了对目标的追求。虽然不想要的习惯不能轻易通过自我控制来改变，但改变绩效环境和奖励结构会更有效。总而言之，这篇文章挑战了关于刻意自我控制的传统观点，并为通过养成习惯实现长期目标提供了新的视角。