Ego depletion theory proposes that self-regulation depends on a limited energy resource (willpower). The simple initial theory has been refined to emphasize conservation rather than resource exhaustion, extended to encompass decision making, planning, and initiative, and linked to physical bodily energy (glucose). Recent challenges offered alternative explanations (which have largely failed) and questioned replicability (which has now been well established). Methods have improved, particularly with emphasis on longer, stronger manipulations to ensure fatigue. New work extends ego depletion into workplace settings and sports. Interpersonal conflict may be both a major cause and consequence. New questions include the possibility of chronic ego depletion (e.g., in burnout), protective factors and coping strategies, individual differences, and recovery processes.

中文翻译：

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自我控制与有限意志力：自我损耗理论与研究现状


自我损耗理论认为，自我调节依赖于有限的能量资源（意志力）。简单的初始理论经过改进，强调节约而不是资源耗尽，扩展到包括决策、计划和主动性，并与身体能量（葡萄糖）联系起来。最近的挑战提供了替代解释（但基本上失败了），并对可复制性提出了质疑（现已得到充分证实）。方法已经改进，特别是强调更长、更强的操作以确保疲劳。新作品将自我损耗延伸到工作场所和运动中。人际冲突可能既是主要原因，也是结果。新的问题包括慢性自我损耗的可能性（例如，倦怠）、保护因素和应对策略、个体差异和恢复过程。