Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a transformative class of materials, offering unprecedented versatility in applications ranging from energy storage to environmental remediation and photocatalysis. This groundbreaking review navigates the recent advancements in MOFs, positioning them against traditional materials to underscore their unique strength and potential drawbacks. In the context of energy storage, particularly within the realm of supercapacitors (SCs), MOF-based electrodes are evaluated for their superior specific capacitance (exceeding 1000 F/g), although these benefits are tempered by higher production cost. A comparative analysis with conventional activated carbon (AC) electrodes reveals MOFs' enhanced performance but also highlights cost as a significant barrier to widespread adoption. In carbon capture and storage (CCS), MOFs are contrasted with established liquid-amine technologies, with MOFs demonstrating environmental benefits, including the ability to achieve high-purity CO₂ collection (>99%), despite higher expenses. Similarly, in photocatalysis, while titanium dioxide remains dominant, MOFs are shown to offer competitive performance with a reduced environmental footprint, though cost considerations again play a decisive role. This review not only consolidates the current state of MOF research but also identifies critical gaps, particularly in cost-effectiveness, that must be addressed to enable broader application. The findings advocate for continued innovation in MOF synthesis and production, with an emphasis on achieving a balance between performance and affordability. In summary, this review highlights the pivotal role of MOFs in advancing materials science and underscores the need for holistic approaches in material selection, with a forward-looking perspective on sustainable and economical production methods.

中文翻译：

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用于卓越碳捕获、高性能储能和环境光催化的先进金属有机框架 – 批判性综述


金属有机框架 （MOF） 已成为一类变革性材料，在从储能到环境修复和光催化等应用中提供了前所未有的多功能性。这篇开创性的综述介绍了 MOF 的最新进展，将它们与传统材料进行了对比，以强调其独特的强度和潜在的缺点。在储能方面，特别是在超级电容器 （SC） 领域，基于 MOF 的电极因其卓越的比电容（超过 1000 F/g）而被评估，尽管这些优势被更高的生产成本所抵消。与传统活性炭 （AC） 电极的比较分析表明，MOF 的性能得到了增强，但也强调了成本是广泛采用的重大障碍。在碳捕集与封存 （CCS） 中，MOF 与成熟的液胺技术形成鲜明对比，MOF 表现出环境效益，包括尽管费用较高，但仍能够实现高纯度 CO₂ 收集 （>99%）。同样，在光催化中，虽然二氧化钛仍然占主导地位，但 MOF 被证明具有竞争力的性能，同时减少了对环境的影响，尽管成本考虑再次起着决定性的作用。本综述不仅巩固了 MOF 研究的现状，还确定了必须解决的关键差距，尤其是在成本效益方面，以实现更广泛的应用。研究结果倡导 MOF 合成和生产的持续创新，重点是实现性能和可负担性之间的平衡。 总之，这篇综述强调了 MOF 在推进材料科学方面的关键作用，并强调了在材料选择中采用整体方法的必要性，并以可持续和经济生产方法的前瞻性视角。