Abstract

One of the methods to increase the water stability and erosion resistance of soils is the use of structure-forming polymers. It is believed that the mechanism of their action is based on strengthening the bonds between particles of clay minerals. This approach ignores the existence of organomineral gels on the surface of mineral particles, which can affect the effectiveness of polymers. The purpose of this work is to investigate the interaction of a number of structure-formers used to increase water stability and erosion resistance with soil components. In model experiments on the interaction of polymers with soil components, suspensions of humate and bentonite are used. The results are verified on leached chernozem. The effectiveness of polymers is evaluated by the blade method used to determine the water stability of soils, and the interaction of particles in suspensions in model experiments is evaluated by laser diffractometry. It is established that, in solutions of humates with polymers, the size of particles formed in solutions increases with increasing hydrophobicity of the polymers. No such unambiguous relationship is found in bentonite suspensions with polymers. Verification of the results of model experiments on chernozem has shown that the water stability of the aggregates increases with an increase in the hydrophobicity of the polymer used for treatment. To further verify the role of organic matter in ensuring soil water stability, the possibility of using oppositely charged humic substances and iron sol to increase soil water stability is evaluated. The experiments have shown that the use of iron sol increases the water stability of chernozem. Moreover, at an increase in the pH of the iron sol solution from 1.7 to 6.1, the effect value increases from 11 to 59%. The results of this study suggest that shifting focus from strengthening the adhesion between mineral particles to strengthening organic and organomineral interactions should be considered as a reserve for increasing the effectiveness of compositions to maintain the soil structure.

中文翻译：

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提高土壤水稳定性的观点分析

 抽象的

提高水稳定性和土壤抗侵蚀性的方法之一是使用结构形成聚合物。据信，它们的作用机制是基于加强粘土矿物颗粒之间的键合。这种方法忽略了矿物颗粒表面有机矿物凝胶的存在，这会影响聚合物的有效性。这项工作的目的是研究许多用于提高水稳定性和耐侵蚀性的结构形成剂与土壤成分的相互作用。在聚合物与土壤成分相互作用的模型实验中，使用了腐植酸盐和膨润土的悬浮液。结果在浸出的黑钙土上得到验证。通过用于确定土壤水稳定性的刀片法评估聚合物的有效性，并通过激光衍射法评估模型实验中悬浮液中颗粒的相互作用。已确定，在腐殖酸盐与聚合物的溶液中，溶液中形成的颗粒的尺寸随着聚合物疏水性的增加而增加。在膨润土悬浮液与聚合物中没有发现这种明确的关系。黑钙土模型实验结果的验证表明，聚集体的水稳定性随着用于处理的聚合物的疏水性的增加而增加。为了进一步验证有机质在确保土壤水稳定性中的作用，评估了使用带相反电荷的腐殖质和铁溶胶来增加土壤水稳定性的可能性。实验表明，铁溶胶的使用增加了黑钙土的水稳定性。此外，当铁溶胶溶液的pH值从1.7增加到6时。1、效果值从11%增加到59%。这项研究的结果表明，应将重点从加强矿物颗粒之间的粘附力转移到加强有机和有机矿物相互作用，作为提高组合物维持土壤结构有效性的储备。