The manipulation of individual charged particles has been deeply explored in physics’s theoretical and experimental domains during the past decades. It is the pillar of several existing devices used for metrology and sensing and is a promising platform for realizing future technologies, such as quantum computers. It is also known that in the relativistic regime, interactions between charged particles become affected by post-Coulombian corrections, with the dominant couplings encoded in the Darwin Hamiltonian. The Darwin term has been extensively studied in atomic physics, where the interaction range is confined to the sub-angstrom scale. Still, there is a lack of understanding about whether (and when) Darwin’s contributions are relevant at larger scales. In this paper, we explore the effects of these corrections in a system of two harmonically trapped electrons, where we look into the behavior of quantum entanglement present in the static and dynamical regimes. We explore the parameter space of the developed model and seek frequencies, distances, and squeezing parameters for which relativistic effects become relevant for the generation of entanglement.

中文翻译：

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纠缠单电子陷阱的相对论效应


在过去的几十年里，物理理论和实验领域对单个带电粒子的操纵进行了深入的探索。它是用于计量和传感的多种现有设备的支柱，也是实现量子计算机等未来技术的有前途的平台。众所周知，在相对论状态下，带电粒子之间的相互作用会受到后库仑修正的影响，其中主要的耦合以达尔文哈密顿量编码。达尔文项在原子物理学中得到了广泛的研究，其中相互作用范围仅限于亚埃尺度。尽管如此，对于达尔文的贡献是否（以及何时）在更大范围内具有相关性仍缺乏了解。在本文中，我们探讨了这些校正在两个谐波捕获电子的系统中的影响，其中我们研究了静态和动态状态下存在的量子纠缠的行为。我们探索了所开发模型的参数空间，并寻找与相对论效应与纠缠的产生相关的频率、距离和挤压参数。