This study investigated the effect of tour leader playfulness on the quality of interactions between tour members and leaders, tour leader attachment, and tour member delight. The study employed a cross-level approach by considering the perspectives of both tour leaders and tour members participating in group package tours. A questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain insights from both perspectives. A total of 54 sets of samples (including 54 tour leaders and 520 tour members) were collected. The results demonstrated that tour leader playfulness had a positive effect on tour member delight, interaction quality, and tour leader attachment. Furthermore, the study validated the mediating effects of interaction quality and tour leader attachment. By integrating social exchange theory with dramaturgy theory, group dynamics, and attachment theory, this study extends the theoretical gap in research on tour guide playfulness. Practical suggestions for tourism operators and managers are also provided.

中文翻译：

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跟我来玩：构建领队嬉戏和团员喜悦模型的跨层次视角


本研究调查了领队的嬉戏性对领队与领队之间的互动质量、领队依恋和领队的喜悦感的影响。该研究采用了跨层次的方法，考虑了参加团体旅游的领队和团员的观点。进行问卷调查以获得两个角度的见解。共收集了 54 组样本 （包括 54 名领队和 520 名团员）。结果表明，领队的顽皮程度对领队的愉悦度、互动质量和领队依恋有积极影响。此外，该研究验证了交互质量和领队依恋的中介效应。通过将社会交换理论与戏剧构作理论、群体动力学和依恋理论相结合，本研究扩大了导游游戏性研究的理论空白。还为旅游经营者和管理者提供了实用建议。