Engineering-to-order (ETO) companies satisfy a very demanding market, where each client specifies the type of product they require and actively participate in the design, selection of materials, and other activities. This converts the production processes of ETO companies into one-of-a-kind processes (OKP) type, where production planning and control (PPC) activities are extremely complex. The cause of this complexity is the little or no standardization between the different production cycles that must be executed, as each cycle is of the OKP type. In addition, Intra-logistics operations represent a key factor in ETO PPC, since each piece of work-in-process or sub-assembly can be extremely large, heavy or complicated of handling. Then, ETO systems involve heterogenous production and intra-logistics processes, where the associated information is fragmented and diverse. This hampers a streamline information processing and operations management. To overcome all these issues, a Digital Twin (DT) approach is proposed. The DT designed and developed here allows to integrate engineering and planning departments to be effectively integrated with the shop-floor and operations management in a smooth and effective manner. To solve interoperability and information access without overloading data-entry tasks novel information structures are designed, along with the logical processes that support them. These logical processes enable DT to generate autonomously intra-logistics operations orders from the engineering plans, fostering the system integration and agility. This DT is tested on a manufacturing ETO case study and shows its efficiency.

中文翻译：

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用于按订单制造工程环境中运营管理的数字孪生


按订单设计 (ETO) 公司满足非常苛刻的市场需求，每个客户都指定他们所需的产品类型，并积极参与设计、材料选择和其他活动。这将 ETO 公司的生产流程转变为独一无二的流程 (OKP) 类型，其中生产计划和控制 (PPC) 活动极其复杂。这种复杂性的原因是必须执行的不同生产周期之间很少或没有标准化，因为每个周期都是 OKP 类型。此外，内部物流操作是 ETO PPC 的一个关键因素，因为每件在制品或子组件都可能非常大、​​笨重或处理复杂。其次，ETO 系统涉及异构生产和内部物流流程，其中相关信息分散且多样化。这阻碍了信息处理和运营管理的简化。为了克服所有这些问题，提出了数字孪生（DT）方法。这里设计和开发的DT可以将工程和规划部门整合在一起，以平稳有效的方式与车间和运营管理有效整合。为了解决互操作性和信息访问而不使数据输入任务超载，设计了新颖的信息结构以及支持它们的逻辑过程。这些逻辑流程使 DT 能够根据工程计划自主生成内部物流操作订单，从而促进系统集成和敏捷性。该 DT 在制造 ETO 案例研究中进行了测试，并显示了其效率。