Concentration-dependent cellular responses of coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum) during the substitutions to perfluorooctanoic acid by its two alternatives,Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Concentration-dependent cellular responses of coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum) during the substitutions to perfluorooctanoic acid by its two alternatives
Journal of Hazardous Materials ( IF 12.2 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135837
Xiaoqing Li ₁ , Zulin Hua ₂ , Jianyun Zhang ₃ , Junliang Jin ₃ , Dawei Wang ₄

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The substitutions of alternatives to legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) may lead to unknown and variational joint toxicity on ecosystems. To comprehensively understand the effects of substitutions on aquatic ecosystems, the single and joint effects of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and its alternatives (perfluorobutanoic acid, PFBA; 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3,heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid, GenX) with various concentrations and compositions on a primary producer, coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum), were investigated at cellular level. Results showed that the substitutions of PFBA/GenX could alleviate the inhibition of PFOA on plant length, hydrogen peroxide accumulation, and chlorophyll b, due to the shifts of reactive oxygen species and their less toxicity to antioxidants. Significant up-regulations of superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and carotenoid implied their primary roles in defensing against PFASs (p < 0.05). Catalase/peroxidase was significantly up-regulated in PFBA/GenX substitutions (p < 0.05) to help alleviate stress. PFBA substitutions reduced 23.9 % of PFOA in organelle and GenX reduced the subcellular concentrations of PFOA by 1.8–17.4 %. Redundancy analysis suggested that PFOA, PFBA, and GenX in cell wall and organelle, as well as GenX in soluble fractions, were responsible for the cellular responses. These findings were helpful to understand the integrated effects on aquatic ecosystems during the substitutions to legacy PFASs by alternatives.

中文翻译：

浣熊（Ceratophyllum demersum）在其两种替代品取代全氟辛酸过程中的浓度依赖性细胞反应

替代传统的全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）可能会导致对生态系统产生未知和变异的联合毒性。为了全面了解替代对水生生态系统的影响，在细胞水平上研究了不同浓度和成分的全氟辛酸（PFOA）及其替代品（全氟丁酸，PFBA;2,3,3,3-四氟-2-（1,1,2,3,3,3,3，七氟丙氧基）丙酸，GenX）对初级生产者浣熊（Ceratophyllum demersum）的单一和联合影响。结果表明，由于活性氧的转移及其对抗氧化剂的毒性较小，PFBA/GenX 的取代可以减轻 PFOA 对植物长度、过氧化氢积累和叶绿素 b 的抑制。超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽和类胡萝卜素的显着上调表明它们在防御 PFAS 中的主要作用（p < 0.05）。过氧化氢酶/过氧化物酶在 PFBA/GenX 取代中显著上调（p < 0.05）以帮助缓解压力。PFBA 取代使细胞器中 PFOA 的浓度降低了 23.9%，GenX 将 PFOA 的亚细胞浓度降低了 1.8-17.4%。冗余分析表明，细胞壁和细胞器中的 PFOA 、 PFBA 和 GenX 以及可溶性组分中的 GenX 是导致细胞反应的原因。这些发现有助于了解用替代品替代传统 PFAS 对水生生态系统的综合影响。

更新日期：2024-09-15

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