The aim of this study was to evaluate the rumen in vitro methane (CH4) production of concentrates feed with a different protein source (PS) replacing partially palm oil by different seeds (SE) rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Concentrate PS were: T1 = 8% soybean meal; and T2 = 15% dried distillers grain. Palm oil (CTR; 4% and 3.5% for T1 and T2, respectively) was partially substituted (1%) by flax seed (FL; 2.7%), canola seed (CO; 3%) or sunflower seed (SU; 2.3%), thus 8 concentrates were tested. Samples were ground at 1-mm and used in an in vitro digestibility assay. The rumen liquid was obtained at the slaughterhouse. Two incubation sets were done; two sampling points lasted 24 and 48 h to calculate the dry matter (DM) digestibility; a third sampling point lasted 12 d to monitor the CH4 production. Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model. Net volume of CH4 per degraded DM presented a PS effect (P < 0.01); T1 produced greater net volume of CH4 per degraded DM than T2 (8.12 vs. 6.91 ± 0.330 ml/mg, respectively). Furthermore, net volume of CH4 per degraded DM presented a SE effect (P < 0.01); all concentrates with seeds tested reduced the net volume of CH4 per degraded DM compared with CTR, and specifically CO produced lower net volume of CH4 per degraded DM than FL and SU (8.91, 7.47, 6.28, 7.39 ± 0.467 ml/mg; CTR, FL, CO, SU, respectively). In conclusion, the use of flax, canola, or sunflower seeds to partially substitute palm oil in concentrate feed, regardless of its PS, can be potential strategies to reduce rumen CH4 emissions, and seems that canola seed may be the most effective one.

中文翻译：

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PSIX-21 在用棕榈油替代饲喂高精饲料的奶牛犊时，富含多不饱和脂肪酸的种子能否减少甲烷排放？体外筛选


本研究的目的是评估具有不同蛋白质来源 （PS） 的浓缩饲料的瘤胃体外甲烷 （CH4） 生产，用富含多不饱和脂肪酸 （PUFA） 的不同种子 （SE） 部分替代棕榈油。浓缩 PS 为：T1 = 8% 豆粕;和 T2 = 15% 干酒糟。棕榈油（CTR;T1 和 T2 分别为 4% 和 3.5%）被亚麻籽 （FL;2.7%）、菜籽 （CO;3%） 或葵花籽 （SU;2.3%） 部分替代 （1%），因此测试了 8 种浓缩物。将样品研磨为 1 mm，并用于体外消化率测定。瘤胃液是在屠宰场获得的。完成了两个孵育组;两个采样点持续 24 和 48 h 计算干物质 （DM） 消化率;第三个采样点持续 12 天以监测 CH4 的产生。使用混合效应模型分析数据。每降解 DM 的 CH4 净体积呈现 PS 效应 （P < 0.01）;T1 每降解 DM 产生的 CH4 净体积大于 T2 （分别为 8.12 vs. 6.91 ± 0.330 ml/mg）。此外，每降解 DM 的 CH4 净体积呈现 SE 效应 （P < 0.01）;与 CTR 相比，所有经过种子测试的浓缩物都降低了每个降解 DM 的 CH4 净体积，特别是 CO 产生的每个降解 DM 的 CH4 净体积低于 FL 和 SU（8.91、7.47、6.28、7.39 ± 0.467 ml/mg;分别为 CTR、FL、CO、SU）。总之，使用亚麻、油菜籽或葵花籽在精饲料中部分替代棕榈油，无论其 PS 如何，都可以成为减少瘤胃 CH4 排放的潜在策略，而且油菜籽似乎可能是最有效的一种。