The strong penetrating power of X-rays causes serious health problems. Longer exposure to radiation that penetrates normal cells can result in gene mutations, cancer, and even death. Protection against radiation exposure is necessary to prevent negative impacts from occurring. This research aims to make apron samples using a simple method based on cellulose as a matrix, bismuth as a filler with concentrations of 1 g, 0.75 g, 0.25 g and PVA acts as a binder that helps bind cellulose and bismuth particles into an effective X-ray radiation shield. The characterization carried out includes Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) to determine the functional groups and chemical composition of the sample, x-ray diffraction (XRD) to analyze the crystal size of the sample, and mobile x-ray with energies of 60, 70, and 80 keV to determine the radiation shielding performance. The findings of this study highlight that the optimal shielding properties were attained by employing a sample with the highest concentration of bismuth filler, specifically at 1 g. This material exhibits outstanding characteristics, including a high linear attenuation coefficient and mass attenuation coefficient of 0.68 cm−1 and 2.24 cm2/g respectively for an energy of 60 keV and especially low HVL (1.01 cm) and TVL (3.36 cm) values. These findings have significant implications for developing high-performance X-ray radiation shielding materials, particularly in industries where radiation exposure is a concern, such as the medical industry, research, and laboratories. The high tensile strength (2.83 N/mm2) and elongation (12.09 %) values as well as the low Young's modulus (0.108 N/mm2) values also indicate the flexibility of the resulting material, which could be beneficial for applications that require flexible shielding materials. The practicality of this research makes the audience feel that the findings are applicable and useful in real-world scenarios.

中文翻译：

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用于高性能 X 射线辐射屏蔽的复合纤维素/铋/PVA 纳米晶体


X 射线的强大穿透力会导致严重的健康问题。长时间暴露于穿透正常细胞的辐射会导致基因突变、癌症甚至死亡。防止辐射暴露对于防止负面影响的发生是必要的。本研究旨在使用一种基于纤维素作为基质、铋作为填料的简单方法来制作围裙样品，浓度为 1 g、0.75 g、0.25 g，PVA 作为粘合剂，有助于将纤维素和铋颗粒结合成有效的 X 射线辐射屏蔽。进行的表征包括傅里叶变换红外 （FTIR） 以确定样品的官能团和化学成分，X 射线衍射 （XRD） 分析样品的晶体尺寸，以及能量为 60、70 和 80 keV 的移动 X 射线来确定辐射屏蔽性能。本研究的结果强调，通过使用铋填料浓度最高（特别是 1 g）的样品，可以获得最佳屏蔽性能。这种材料表现出突出的特性，包括在 60 keV 的能量下具有高线性衰减系数和质量衰减系数，分别为 0.68 cm-1 和 2.24 cm2/g，尤其是较低的 HVL （1.01 cm） 和 TVL （3.36 cm） 值。这些发现对开发高性能 X 射线辐射屏蔽材料具有重要意义，特别是在关注辐射暴露的行业，例如医疗行业、研究和实验室。高拉伸强度 （2.83 N/mm2） 和伸长率 （12.09 %） 值以及低杨氏模量 （0.108 N/mm2） 值也表明了所得材料的柔韧性，这可能有利于需要柔性屏蔽材料的应用。这项研究的实用性使听众觉得这些发现在现实世界场景中是适用和有用的。