A public health approach to suicide prevention recognises the powerful influence of social determinants. In this paper—the fifth in a Series on a public health approach to suicide prevention—we consider four major risk factors for suicide (alcohol use, gambling, domestic violence and abuse, and suicide bereavement) and examine how their influence on suicide is socially determined. Cultural factors and societal responses have an important role in all four risk factors. In the case of alcohol use and gambling, commercial entities are culpable. This Series paper describes a range of universal, selective, and indicated interventions that might address these risk factors, and focuses particularly on key universal interventions that are likely to yield substantial population-level benefits.

中文翻译：

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在社会层面解决自杀的关键风险因素


预防自杀的公共卫生方法认识到社会决定因素的强大影响。在这篇关于预防自杀的公共卫生方法系列文章的第五篇中，我们考虑了自杀的四个主要风险因素（饮酒、赌博、家庭暴力和虐待以及自杀丧亲之痛），并研究了它们对自杀的影响是如何由社会决定的。文化因素和社会反应在所有四个风险因素中都起着重要作用。在饮酒和赌博的情况下，商业实体是有罪的。本系列论文描述了一系列可能解决这些风险因素的普遍、选择性和指示性干预措施，并特别关注可能产生大量人群水平益处的关键普遍干预措施。