Currently, there has been significant research interest in the study of dual-ion batteries (DIBs) and hybrid dual-ion capacitors (HDICs), which utilize organic anion and metal cation reversibly stores in the cathodes and anodes, respectively. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of reported DIBs or HDICs that rely on organic anions and organic cations, because the reversible storage of bulk cations is more difficult than the storage of metal cations. In this study, we provide a dual ion configuration that is ecologically beneficial, achieved by the utilization of organic-cation and organic-anion reactions on the electrodes. Remarkably, the electrochemical performance of the organic-cation based nonmetal hybrid dual-ion capacitor (ONHDIC) is noteworthy, as it demonstrates a discharge capacity of ∼87 mAh g–1 at 2 C and a capacity retention of 91 % after 700 cycles at 5 C. In addition, ONHDIC exhibits enhanced ion diffusion coefficient at elevated temperatures and demonstrates a higher discharge specific capacity of ∼95 mAh g–1 at 2 C within the temperature range of 50–60 °C. The corresponding energy density calculated based on the cathode is 201.56 Wh kg–1 at 50 °C. In the context of a proof-of-concept, the ONHDIC pouch cell demonstrates remarkable stability and safety when subjected to continuous hammering, drilling, and destructive cutting tests. This demonstrates its promising potential for applications that prioritize environmental sustainability and safety.

中文翻译：

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卓越的安全非金属混合双离子电容器，具有高容量和长循环寿命


目前，对双离子电池 （DIB） 和混合双离子电容器 （HDIC） 的研究产生了浓厚的研究兴趣，它们分别利用有机阴离子和金属阳离子可逆地储存在阴极和阳极中。然而，依赖于有机阴离子和有机阳离子的 DIB 或 HDIC 很少见，因为本体阳离子的可逆储存比金属阳离子的储存更困难。在这项研究中，我们提供了一种对生态有益的双离子配置，通过利用电极上的有机阳离子和有机阴离子反应来实现。值得注意的是，基于有机阳离子的非金属混合双离子电容器 （ONHDIC） 的电化学性能值得注意，因为它在 2 C 下表现出 ∼87 mAh g-1 的放电容量，在 5 C 下循环 700 次后容量保持率为 91%。此外，ONHDIC 在高温下表现出增强的离子扩散系数，并且在 50–60 °C 的温度范围内，在 2 C 下表现出更高的放电比容量，约为 ∼95 mAh g–1。 根据阴极计算的相应能量密度在 201.56 °C 时为 1 Wh kg–50。 在概念验证的背景下，ONHDIC 软包电池在经受连续锤击、钻孔和破坏性切割测试时表现出卓越的稳定性和安全性。这表明它在优先考虑环境可持续性和安全性的应用中具有广阔的潜力。