At the height of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, demand for oxygen exceeded supply in some hospitals [1], particularly in low- and middle-income countries [2]. The Intensive Care Unit Randomized Trial Comparing Two Approaches to Oxygen Therapy (ICU-ROX) trial [3], which reported similar outcomes with the use of liberal and conservative oxygen therapy in general intensive care unit (ICU) patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, and the Handling Oxygenation Targets in the Intensive Care Unit (HOT-ICU) trial [4], which reported similar outcomes with the use of liberal and conservative oxygen therapy in ICU patients with hypoxic respiratory failure, provided a reasonable basis for implementation of restrictive oxygen therapy to conserve supply during the pandemic [5]. However, there were limited data available evaluating the effect of oxygen regimens on outcomes for COVID-19 patients, specifically [6]. Recently, Nielsen et al. reported that restricting the amount of oxygen used in ICU patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxaemia by targeting an arterial oxygen content of 60 mmHg instead of 90 mmHg in the Handling Oxygenation Targets in COVID-19 (HOT-COVID) trial, significantly increased days alive without life support at 90 days [7]. Although these data supported the use of a conservative oxygen strategy for patients with COVID-19, potential concerns about long-term morbidity after critical illness and long-term sequelae of COVID-19, meant that the effect of oxygen regimens on longer term outcomes remained of interest.

在 2019 冠状病毒病 （COVID-19） 大流行的高峰期，一些医院对氧气的需求超过了供应 [1]，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家 [2]。重症监护病房随机试验比较两种氧疗方法（ICU-ROX）试验[3]，该试验报道了在需要有创机械通气的普通重症监护病房（intensive care unit， ICU）患者中使用自由氧疗和保守氧疗的结局相似，而重症监护病房处理氧合目标（HOT-ICU）试验[4]报道了在需要低氧呼吸的ICU患者中使用自由氧疗和保守氧疗的结局相似失败后，为在大流行期间实施限制性氧疗以节省供应提供了合理的依据 [5]。然而，评估氧疗方案对 COVID-19 患者结局影响的可用数据有限，特别是 [6]。最近，Nielsen 等人报道，在 COVID-19 处理氧合目标 （HOT-COVID） 试验中，通过将动脉氧含量目标定为 60 mmHg 而不是 90 mmHg，限制 COVID-19 和严重低氧血症 ICU 患者的氧气使用量，在 90 天时在没有生命支持的情况下显着增加了活天数 [7]。尽管这些数据支持对 COVID-19 患者使用保守的氧气策略，但对危重病后长期发病率和 COVID-19 长期后遗症的潜在担忧意味着氧气方案对长期结果的影响仍然值得关注。