Understanding the Selective Removal of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances via Fluorine–Fluorine Interactions: A Critical Review,Environmental Science & Technology

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Understanding the Selective Removal of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances via Fluorine–Fluorine Interactions: A Critical Review
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c06519
Kaixing Fu ₁ , Jinjing Huang ₁ , Fang Luo ₁ , Zhuoya Fang ₁ , Deyou Yu ₂ , Xiaolin Zhang ₃ , Dawei Wang ₄ , Mingyang Xing ₅ , Jinming Luo ₁

Affiliation

As regulatory standards for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) become increasingly stringent, innovative water treatment technologies are urgently demanded for effective PFAS removal. Reported sorbents often exhibit limited affinity for PFAS and are frequently hindered by competitive background substances. Recently, fluorinated sorbents (abbreviated as fluorosorbents) have emerged as a potent solution by leveraging fluorine–fluorine (F···F) interactions to enhance selectivity and efficiency in PFAS removal. This review delves into the designs and applications of fluorosorbents, emphasizing how F···F interactions improve PFAS binding affinity. Specifically, the existence of F···F interactions results in removal efficiencies orders of magnitude higher than other counterpart sorbents, particularly under competitive conditions. Furthermore, we provide a detailed analysis of the fundamental principles underlying F···F interactions and elucidate their synergistic effects with other sorption forces, which contribute to the enhanced efficacy and selectivity. Subsequently, we examine various fluorosorbents and their synthesis and fluorination techniques, underscore the importance of accurately characterizing F···F interactions through advanced analytical methods, and emphasize the significance of this interaction in developing selective sorbents. Finally, we discuss challenges and opportunities associated with employing advanced techniques to guide the design of selective sorbents and advocate for further research in the development of sustainable and cost-effective treatment technologies leveraging F···F interactions.

中文翻译：

了解通过氟-氟相互作用选择性去除全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质：批判性评论

随着全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的监管标准变得越来越严格，迫切需要创新的水处理技术来有效去除 PFAS。报道的吸附剂通常对 PFAS 表现出有限的亲和力，并且经常受到竞争性背景物质的阻碍。最近，氟化吸附剂（简称氟吸附剂）已成为一种有效的解决方案，利用氟-氟（F…F）相互作用来提高 PFAS 去除的选择性和效率。本综述深入研究了氟吸附剂的设计和应用，强调了 F·F 相互作用如何提高 PFAS 结合亲和力。具体来说，F·F相互作用的存在导致去除效率比其他对应吸附剂高几个数量级，特别是在竞争条件下。此外，我们对 F·F 相互作用的基本原理进行了详细分析，并阐明了它们与其他吸附力的协同效应，这有助于提高功效和选择性。随后，我们研究了各种氟吸附剂及其合成和氟化技术，强调通过先进的分析方法准确表征F·F相互作用的重要性，并强调这种相互作用在开发选择性吸附剂中的重要性。最后，我们讨论了与采用先进技术指导选择性吸附剂设计相关的挑战和机遇，并倡导进一步研究利用 F·F 相互作用开发可持续且具有成本效益的处理技术。

更新日期：2024-09-12

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