The smooth surface texture of the commercially available geogrids limits the shear strength mobilization at the interfaces. This study presents the design, manufacturing, and interface performance evaluation of innovative textured geogrids. Geogrids with square, triangular, and hexagonal apertures with and without inherent surface texture were manufactured through additive manufacturing (3D printing) technique, using PLA (Poly Lactic Acid) filament. The texture includes elevated pins of 3 mm height at the junctions and inherent diamond pattern of 1 mm height on the ribs. The individual and combined effects of surface texture and aperture shape on the stress–displacement relationship, dilation angle, and the thickness of shear zone are quantified using large-scale direct shear tests and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) analysis. Results showed that the textured geogrid with hexagonal aperture has exhibited the maximum interface coefficient of 0.96 with sand followed by the geogrids with triangular and square apertures. Irrespective of the aperture shape, provision of the surface texture resulted in an overall increase of interface shear strength by more than 13%. Further, PIV analysis revealed that the shear zone is 25% thicker for textured geogrids of different aperture shapes, suggesting higher interlocking and passive resistance offered by their textured surfaces.

中文翻译：

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揭示创新纹理土工格栅的加固优势


市售土工格栅的光滑表面纹理限制了界面处的抗剪强度动员。本研究介绍了创新纹理土工格栅的设计、制造和界面性能评估。具有方形、三角形和六边形孔径的土工格栅，具有和没有固有表面纹理，是通过增材制造（3D 打印）技术制造的，使用 PLA（聚乳酸）细丝。纹理包括连接处 3 毫米高的凸起销钉和肋骨上 1 毫米高的固有菱形图案。使用大规模直接剪切测试和粒子图像测速 （PIV） 分析量化表面纹理和孔径形状对应力-位移关系、膨胀角和剪切区厚度的单独和综合影响。结果表明，具有六边形孔径的纹理土工格栅与沙子的最大界面系数为 0.96，其次是具有三角形和方形孔径的土工格栅。无论孔径形状如何，表面纹理的提供都使界面剪切强度总体提高了 13% 以上。此外，PIV 分析表明，不同孔径形状的纹理土工格栅的剪切区厚度增加了 25%，这表明其纹理表面提供了更高的互锁和被动阻力。