Historically, ovarian cancer (OC) was thought to metastasize by surface-to-surface spread, but recent developments have yielded a new understanding of the paths of metastatic spread. Given the histologic and molecular heterogeneity of OC, we will focus on high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). Here, we provide a critical and more holistic view of the evidence supporting various routes of metastasis, including peritoneal, hematogenous, lymphatic, and nerve-related. Understanding the underlying mechanisms is necessary to improve treatment strategies for this challenging disease.

中文翻译：

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卵巢癌转移：超越表面


从历史上看，卵巢癌 （OC） 被认为是通过表面到表面扩散而转移的，但最近的发展使人们对转移扩散的途径有了新的理解。鉴于 OC 的组织学和分子异质性，我们将重点关注高级别浆液性癌 （HGSC）。在这里，我们提供了支持各种转移途径的证据的批判性和更全面的观点，包括腹膜、血源性、淋巴和神经相关。了解潜在机制对于改进这种具有挑战性的疾病的治疗策略是必要的。