The novel chiral fungicide benzovindiflupyr exerts adverse effects on aquatic organisms; however, its toxic mechanism and stereoselectivity remain largely unknown. The current study aimed to investigate the enantioselective ecotoxicity mechanism of benzovindiflupyr in Xenopus laevis tadpoles using a 28-day exposure experiment. Results of the acute toxicity assessment indicated that (1S,4R)- and (1R,4S)-benzovindiflupyr exhibited high toxicity, with (1S,4R)- demonstrating approximately 75 times greater toxicity than (1R,4S)-. Compared to the latter, (1S,4R)-benzovindiflupyr significantly affected the growth, movement behavior, and oxidative stress of X. laevis tadpoles. The integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics data revealed that (1S,4R)-benzovindiflupyr disrupted the glycine, serine, and threonine metabolic pathways by modulating the activities of key enzymes. This dysregulation resulted in aberrant carbohydrate utilization, antioxidant pathways, and structural protein synthesis and degradation. Molecular docking confirmed that (1S,4R)-benzovindiflupyr exhibited superior docking activity with key enzymes, potentially contributing to its stereoselective toxicity. This study offers novel molecular perspectives on the enantioselective ecotoxicity mechanism of benzovindiflupyr toward aquatic organisms and highlights potential target proteins implicated in metabolic disorders.

中文翻译：

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立体选择性毒性：研究 benzovindiflupyr 对非洲爪蟾蝌蚪的不良影响


新型手性杀菌剂 benzovindiflupyr 对水生生物产生不利影响;然而，其毒性机制和立体选择性在很大程度上仍然未知。本研究旨在通过 28 天的暴露实验探讨 benzovindiflupyr 在非洲爪蟾蝌蚪中的对映选择性生态毒性机制。急性毒性评估结果表明，（1S，4R）- 和 （1R，4S）-benzovindiflupyr 表现出高毒性，其中 （1S，4R）- 的毒性约为 （1R，4S）- 的 75 倍。与后者相比，（1S，4R）-benzovindiflupyr 显著影响 X. laevis 蝌蚪的生长、运动行为和氧化应激。代谢组学和转录组学数据的整合显示，（1S，4R）-benzovindiflupyr 通过调节关键酶的活性破坏甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢途径。这种失调导致碳水化合物利用异常、抗氧化途径以及结构蛋白合成和降解。分子对接证实 （1S，4R）-benzovindiflupyr 与关键酶表现出优异的对接活性，可能导致其立体选择性毒性。本研究为苯并二氟草嘧啶对水生生物的对映选择性生态毒性机制提供了新的分子观点，并强调了与代谢紊乱有关的潜在靶蛋白。