The emergence of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) marked a significant technological breakthrough in the real-time measurement of the functioning human brain in vivo. In part because of their 4D nature (three spatial dimensions and time), fMRI data have inspired a great deal of statistical development in the past couple of decades to address their unique spatiotemporal properties. This article provides an overview of the current landscape in functional brain measurement, with a particular focus on fMRI, highlighting key developments in the past decade. Furthermore, it looks ahead to the future, discussing unresolved research questions in the community and outlining potential research topics for the future.

中文翻译：

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测量功能正常的人脑


功能性磁共振成像 （fMRI） 的出现标志着体内功能人脑实时测量的重大技术突破。部分由于其 4D 性质（三个空间维度和时间），fMRI 数据在过去几十年中激发了大量统计发展，以解决其独特的时空特性。本文概述了大脑功能测量的现状，特别关注 fMRI，重点介绍了过去十年的关键发展。此外，它还展望了未来，讨论了社区中未解决的研究问题，并概述了未来的潜在研究主题。