The environmental setting of the Dead Sea combines several aspects whose interplay creates flow phenomena and transport processes that cannot be observed anywhere else on Earth. As a terminal lake with a rapidly declining surface level, the Dead Sea has a salinity that is close to saturation, so that the buoyancy-driven flows common in lakes are coupled to precipitation and dissolution, and large amounts of salt are being deposited year-round. The Dead Sea is the only hypersaline lake deep enough to form a thermohaline stratification during the summer, which gives rise to descending supersaturated dissolved-salt fingers that precipitate halite particles. In contrast, during the winter the entire supersaturated, well-mixed water column produces halite. The rapid lake level decline of O(1 m/year) exposes vast areas of newly formed beach every year, which exhibit deep incisions from streams. Taken together, these phenomena provide insight into the enigmatic salt giants observed in the Earth's geological record and offer lessons regarding the stability, erosion, and protection of arid coastlines under sea level change.

中文翻译：

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死海流体力学


死海的环境环境结合了几个方面，这些方面的相互作用产生了地球上其他任何地方都无法观察到的水流现象和传输过程。作为一个表面水位迅速下降的终端湖，死海的盐度接近饱和，因此湖泊中常见的浮力驱动流与降水和溶解相结合，全年都有大量的盐沉积。死海是唯一一个足够深的高盐湖，可以在夏季形成温盐分层，这会产生下降的过饱和溶解盐指，从而沉淀岩盐颗粒。相比之下，在冬季，整个过饱和、混合良好的水柱会产生岩盐。O（1 m/年）的湖水位迅速下降，每年都会露出大片新形成的海滩，这些海滩呈现出溪流的深切口。综上所述，这些现象有助于深入了解地球地质记录中观察到的神秘盐巨星，并为在海平面变化下干旱海岸线的稳定性、侵蚀和保护提供经验教训。