Color discrimination is fundamental to human behavior. We find bananas by coarsely searching for yellow but then differentiate nuances of yellow to pick the best exemplars. How does the brain adjust the resolution of color selectivity to our changing needs? Here, we analyze the brain magnetic response in the human visual cortex to show that color selectivity is adaptively set by coarse- and fine-resolving processes running in parallel at different hierarchical levels. Those include a gain enhancement in the higher-lever cortex of color units tuned away from the target to resolve very similar colors and a coarsely resolving gain enhancement in the mid-level cortex of units tuned to the target. Our findings suggest that attention operates on a form of multiresolution representation of color at different levels in the visual hierarchy, which keeps selectivity adaptive to a changing resolution context.

中文翻译：

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并行增益调制机制设置人类视觉皮层中颜色选择性的分辨率


肤色歧视是人类行为的基础。我们通过粗略搜索黄色来找到香蕉，然后区分黄色的细微差别以挑选出最好的例子。大脑如何根据我们不断变化的需求调整颜色选择性的分辨率？在这里，我们分析了人类视觉皮层中的大脑磁反应，以表明颜色选择性是由在不同层次结构级别并行运行的粗分辨率和精细分辨率过程自适应设置的。其中包括颜色单元的较高杠杆皮层中的增益增强，该皮层从目标调谐以解析非常相似的颜色，以及在调谐到目标的单元的中级皮层中粗略解析增益增强。我们的研究结果表明，注意力在视觉层次结构中不同级别的颜色的多分辨率表示形式上起作用，这使选择性适应不断变化的分辨率环境。