Transition metal-catalyzed carbocyclization reactions offer a powerful method for the stereoselective assembly of complex, highly substituted (poly)cyclic scaffolds. Although 1,6-enynes are common substrates for these transformations, using polysubstituted alkene derivatives to construct functionalized cyclic products remains challenging due to significantly lower reactivity. This Perspective highlights key developments in stereoselective metal-catalyzed [(2+2)+1] and [(2+2)+2] carbocyclizations of 1,6-enynes containing 1,1-disubstituted alkenes, which produce cycloadducts with quaternary stereogenic centers. The insights from these examples provide a blueprint for developing more general carbocyclization strategies with challenging polysubstituted olefins.

中文翻译：

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使用 1,6-烯炔与 1,1-二取代烯烃进行立体选择性过渡金属催化的 [(2+2)+1] 和 [(2+2)+2] 碳环化反应：四元中心的构建


过渡金属催化的碳环化反应为立体选择性组装复杂的、高度取代的（多）环支架提供了一种强大的方法。尽管 1,6-烯炔是这些转化的常见底物，但由于反应活性显着降低，使用多取代烯烃衍生物构建官能化环状产物仍然具有挑战性。本视角重点介绍了含有 1,1-二取代烯烃的 1,6-烯炔的立体选择性金属催化 [(2+2)+1] 和 [(2+2)+2] 碳环化的关键进展，可产生具有四元立体异构体的环加合物中心。这些例子的见解为开发具有挑战性的多取代烯烃的更通用的碳环化策略提供了蓝图。