The return of Egyptian migrants to Egypt following the onset of crisis in Libya in 2011 raises important questions about their classification as “returnees.” This article demonstrates the impact of the crisis on Egyptians' livelihoods. Field research conducted in Egypt in 2016 reveals that, at least in part, from 2011 onwards Egyptians were engaged in circular migration to and from Libya as a livelihood strategy because of failed reintegration in Egypt. The Egyptian government, intergovernmental and non‐governmental organisations provided varied levels of protection and assistance in evacuating migrants; however, they lacked awareness about returnees' socio‐economic needs. Egyptians were largely unsupported by state and non‐state institutions upon their return and therefore remained reliant on families and social networks. Initiatives aimed at providing aid to returnees, such as those introduced in Ghana and Niger, were generally absent in the Egyptian context. The absence of support had other unintended consequences, including increased levels of domestic violence and reduced educational opportunities for children in households hosting returnees.

中文翻译：

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利比亚埃及移徙工人的循环和回返


2011 年利比亚危机爆发后，埃及移民返回埃及，这引发了有关他们被归类为“返回者”的重要问题。本文展示了危机对埃及人生计的影响。 2016 年在埃及进行的实地研究表明，至少部分地，从 2011 年起，由于在埃及重新融入社会失败，埃及人将进出利比亚作为一种生计策略。埃及政府、政府间组织和非政府组织为撤离移民提供了不同程度的保护和援助；然而，他们缺乏对回返者社会经济需求的认识。埃及人回国后基本上得不到国家和非国家机构的支持，因此仍然依赖家庭和社交网络。旨在向回返者提供援助的举措，例如在加纳和尼日尔推出的举措，在埃及普遍不存在。缺乏支持还会产生其他意想不到的后果，包括家庭暴力加剧以及收容回返者家庭中儿童的受教育机会减少。