Over the past 2 decades, the microbiome has received increasing attention for the role that it plays in health and disease. Historically, the gut microbiome was of particular interest to pain scientists studying nociplastic visceral pain conditions given the anatomical juxtaposition of these microorganisms and the neuroimmune networks that drive pain in such diseases. More recently, microbiomes both inside and across the surface of the body have been recognized for driving sensory symptoms in a broader set of diseases. Microbiomes have never been a more popular topic in pain research, but to date, there has not been a systematic review of the preclinical microbiome pain literature. In this article, we identified all animal studies in which both the microbiome was manipulated and pain behaviors were measured. Our analysis included 303 unique experiments across 97 articles. Microbiome manipulation methods and behavioral outcomes were recorded for each experiment so that field-wide trends could be quantified and reported. This review specifically details the animal species, injury models, behavior measures, and microbiome manipulations used in preclinical pain research. From this analysis, we were also able to conclude how manipulations of the microbiome alter pain thresholds in naïve animals and persistent pain intensity and duration in cutaneous and visceral pain models. This review summarizes by identifying existing gaps in the literature and providing recommendations for how to best plan, implement, and interpret data collected in preclinical microbiome pain experiments.

中文翻译：

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微生物组对疼痛的贡献：临床前文献综述。


在过去的 2 年里，微生物组因其在健康和疾病中的作用而受到越来越多的关注。从历史上看，鉴于这些微生物与驱动此类疾病疼痛的神经免疫网络在解剖学上并列，肠道微生物组对研究伤害性内脏疼痛状况的疼痛科学家特别感兴趣。最近，身体内部和整个身体表面的微生物组已被公认为可以驱动更广泛的疾病的感觉症状。微生物组从未成为疼痛研究中更受欢迎的话题，但迄今为止，还没有对临床前微生物组疼痛文献进行系统评价。在本文中，我们确定了所有同时操纵微生物组和测量疼痛行为的动物研究。我们的分析包括 97 篇文章中的 303 个独特实验。记录每个实验的微生物组操作方法和行为结果，以便量化和报告整个领域的趋势。本综述特别详细介绍了临床前疼痛研究中使用的动物物种、损伤模型、行为测量和微生物组操作。从这项分析中，我们还能够得出微生物组的操作如何改变幼稚动物的疼痛阈值以及皮肤和内脏疼痛模型中的持续疼痛强度和持续时间。本综述通过确定文献中的现有差距并就如何最好地计划、实施和解释临床前微生物组疼痛实验中收集的数据提供建议进行总结。