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What is the Difference between Conventional Drinking Water, Potable Reuse Water, and Nonpotable Reuse Water? A Microbiome Perspective
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04679 Matthew F Blair 1 , Emily Garner 2 , Pan Ji 1 , Amy Pruden 1
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04679 Matthew F Blair 1 , Emily Garner 2 , Pan Ji 1 , Amy Pruden 1
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As water reuse applications expand, there is a need for more comprehensive means to assess water quality. Microbiome analysis could provide the ability to supplement fecal indicators and pathogen profiling toward defining a “healthy” drinking water microbiota while also providing insight into the impact of treatment and distribution. Here, we utilized 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to identify signature features in the composition of microbiota across a wide spectrum of water types (potable conventional, potable reuse, and nonpotable reuse). A clear distinction was found in the composition of microbiota as a function of intended water use (e.g., potable vs nonpotable) across a very broad range of U.S. water systems at both the point of compliance (Betadisper p > 0.01; ANOSIM p < 0.01, r-stat = 0.71) and point of use (Betadisper p > 0.01; ANOSIM p < 0.01, r-stat = 0.41). Core and discriminatory analysis further served in identifying distinct differences between potable and nonpotable water microbiomes. Taxa were identified at both the phylum (Desulfobacterota, Patescibacteria, and Myxococcota) and genus (Aeromonas and NS11.12_marine_group) levels that effectively discriminated between potable and nonpotable waters, with the most discriminatory taxa being core/abundant in nonpotable waters (with few exceptions, such as Ralstonia being abundant in potable conventional waters). The approach and findings open the door to the possibility of microbial community signature profiling as a water quality monitoring approach for assessing efficacy of treatments and suitability of water for intended use/reuse application.
中文翻译：
常规饮用水、饮用水回用水和非饮用水回用水有什么区别？微生物组视角
随着水回用应用的扩大，需要更全面的手段来评估水质。微生物组分析可以补充粪便指标和病原体分析，以定义“健康”的饮用水微生物群，同时还可以深入了解处理和分配的影响。在这里，我们利用 16S rRNA 基因扩增子测序来识别各种水类型（常规饮用水、饮用水再利用和非饮用水再利用）中微生物群组成的特征特征。在非常广泛的美国水系统中，在合规点上发现微生物群的组成与预期用水（例如饮用水与非饮用水）的函数存在明显区别（Betaassemble p > 0.01；ANOSIM p <） 0.01， r -stat = 0.71）和使用点（Betaassemble p > 0.01；ANOSIM p < 0.01， r -stat = 0.41）。核心和歧视性分析进一步有助于识别饮用水和非饮用水微生物组之间的明显差异。在有效区分饮用水和非饮用水的门（Desulfobacterota、Patescibacteria 和 Myxococcota）和属（ Aeromonas和NS11.12_marine_group ）级别上鉴定了分类单元，最具区别性的分类单元是非饮用水中的核心/丰富（除了少数例外） ，例如在常规饮用水中丰富的Ralstonia ）。该方法和研究结果为微生物群落特征分析作为水质监测方法的可能性打开了大门，用于评估处理效果和水对预期用途/再利用应用的适用性。
更新日期：2024-09-11
中文翻译：
常规饮用水、饮用水回用水和非饮用水回用水有什么区别？微生物组视角
随着水回用应用的扩大，需要更全面的手段来评估水质。微生物组分析可以补充粪便指标和病原体分析，以定义“健康”的饮用水微生物群，同时还可以深入了解处理和分配的影响。在这里，我们利用 16S rRNA 基因扩增子测序来识别各种水类型（常规饮用水、饮用水再利用和非饮用水再利用）中微生物群组成的特征特征。在非常广泛的美国水系统中，在合规点上发现微生物群的组成与预期用水（例如饮用水与非饮用水）的函数存在明显区别（Betaassemble p > 0.01；ANOSIM p <） 0.01， r -stat = 0.71）和使用点（Betaassemble p > 0.01；ANOSIM p < 0.01， r -stat = 0.41）。核心和歧视性分析进一步有助于识别饮用水和非饮用水微生物组之间的明显差异。在有效区分饮用水和非饮用水的门（Desulfobacterota、Patescibacteria 和 Myxococcota）和属（ Aeromonas和NS11.12_marine_group ）级别上鉴定了分类单元，最具区别性的分类单元是非饮用水中的核心/丰富（除了少数例外） ，例如在常规饮用水中丰富的Ralstonia ）。该方法和研究结果为微生物群落特征分析作为水质监测方法的可能性打开了大门，用于评估处理效果和水对预期用途/再利用应用的适用性。
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