The prevalence of interpersonal violence has been reported at higher levels among Indigenous than non-Indigenous populations worldwide, but has not been thoroughly investigated among the Sámi population in Sweden. The aims of this study were to investigate: (1) the prevalence of emotional, physical, and sexual violence and violence by intimate partners, family members, acquaintances, and strangers among participants identifying as Sámi or Swedish, (2) whether reporting experiences of historical losses and discrimination mediated the anticipated association between identifying as Sámi and reporting experiences of violence, and (3) whether background characteristics were associated with reporting experiences of violence. Cross-sectional questionnaire data collected in 2021 for the “Health and Living conditions in Sápmi” study were used. All adults in an arctic region in Sweden were invited to participate (response rate: 41%). Respondents self-identifying as Sámi ( n = 375; 24.7%) or Swedish ( n = 1,144; 75.3%) were included in this study. Sámi respondents of both sexes more often reported violence by an acquaintance or stranger. Likewise, more Sámi than Swedish women reported family violence (16.4% vs. 9.2%), but there was no difference concerning intimate partner violence (13.3% vs. 15.4%). Mediation analyses revealed strong positive indirect effects of historical losses and discrimination on the different types of violence. Being female was the strongest predictor of reporting intimate partner violence, and younger age was associated with violence by all perpetrators except family members. In conclusion, interpersonal violence was more often reported by Sámi respondents, but the association was explained in full by experiences of historical losses and discrimination. The results underline the importance of a life-course and even intergenerational and historical perspectives when investigating interpersonal violence.

中文翻译：

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瑞典北极地区针对土著萨米人和非萨米人的人际暴力以及历史损失和歧视的中介效应


据报告，全世界土著居民中人际暴力的发生率高于非土著居民，但瑞典萨米人中的人际暴力尚未得到彻底调查。本研究的目的是调查：(1) 在萨米人或瑞典人的参与者中，情感、身体和性暴力以及亲密伴侣、家庭成员、熟人和陌生人实施的暴力的普遍程度，(2) 是否报告了历史损失和歧视介导了萨米人身份与报告暴力经历之间的预期关联，以及（3）背景特征是否与报告暴力经历相关。使用了 2021 年为“萨普米的健康和生活条件”研究收集的横断面问卷数据。瑞典北极地区的所有成年人都被邀请参加（回应率：41%）。本研究包括自认是萨米人（n = 375；24.7%）或瑞典人（n = 1,144；75.3%）的受访者。萨米受访者（男女）更常报告熟人或陌生人的暴力行为。同样，报告家庭暴力的萨米妇女多于瑞典妇女（16.4% vs. 9.2%），但在亲密伴侣暴力方面没有差异（13.3% vs. 15.4%）。调解分析揭示了历史损失和歧视对不同类型暴力的强烈积极间接影响。女性是报告亲密伴侣暴力行为的最强预测因素，而年龄较小则与除家庭成员外的所有施暴者的暴力行为有关。总之，萨米受访者更常报告人际暴力，但这种关联可以通过历史损失和歧视的经历来充分解释。 结果强调了在调查人际暴力时生命历程甚至代际和历史视角的重要性。