A literature review of recent prevalence and prospective studies on interpersonal violence (IPV) identifies a link among child abuse, intimate partner violence, and elder abuse that had not emerged from life-stage-specific studies on abuse, neglect, and violence against older persons. In line with a developmental understanding of IPV from a life course perspective, early life trauma is emerging as an explanatory theory of IPV across the life course. This paradigm shift in the field of elder abuse challenges more traditional explanations of IPV in old age, such as ageism, but opens up new opportunities for interventions leading to prevention and treatment of abuse, neglect, and violence against older adults. Prevalence studies that include older subjects and questions about violence experienced as children and younger adults consistently identify child abuse as a risk factor for IPV experienced in old age. Similarly, prospective studies on IPV that follow subjects from childhood to old age identify lifetime patterns of abuse. Qualitative studies of IPV in old age that include retrospective data suggest a link as well. IPV perpetrated against children and adults of all ages by persons in positions of trust can lead to trauma that has adverse lifelong behavioral and relational implications. This provides a link between trauma theory and violence against older people. Until recently, abuse, neglect, and violence were conceptualized differently based on the life stage of the victim. While historically the definitions for partner and non-partner violence diverged based on the life stage of victims, more recently this has begun to converge. Understanding violence from a life course and trauma-informed perspective better identifies risk factors and interventions for IPV against older adults. Intersectionality of age and gender variables demonstrate differences and similarities among populations studied.

中文翻译：

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创伤理论与整个生命过程中的虐待、忽视和暴力


对近期人际暴力 (IPV) 流行率和前瞻性研究的文献综述确定了虐待儿童、亲密伴侣暴力和虐待老年人之间的联系，而这一联系在针对老年人的虐待、忽视和暴力行为的生命阶段特定研究中并未出现。 。与从生命历程角度对 IPV 的发展性理解相一致，早期生命创伤正在成为整个生命历程中 IPV 的解释理论。虐待老年人领域的这种范式转变挑战了对老年 IPV 的更传统解释，例如年龄歧视，但为预防和治疗针对老年人的虐待、忽视和暴力行为的干预措施提供了新的机会。包括老年受试者以及有关儿童和年轻人所经历的暴力问题的流行率研究一致认为，虐待儿童是老年时经历 IPV 的一个危险因素。同样，对 IPV 的前瞻性研究跟踪受试者从童年到老年，确定了终生的虐待模式。包括回顾性数据在内的老年 IPV 定性研究也表明了两者之间的联系。处于信任地位的人对所有年龄段的儿童和成人实施 IPV 可能会导致创伤，从而产生不利的终生行为和关系影响。这提供了创伤理论和针对老年人的暴力行为之间的联系。直到最近，根据受害者的生命阶段，虐待、忽视和暴力的概念有所不同。虽然从历史上看，伴侣暴力和非伴侣暴力的定义因受害者的生命阶段而有所不同，但最近这种情况已经开始趋同。 从生命历程和创伤知情的角度理解暴力，可以更好地确定针对老年人的 IPV 风险因素和干预措施。年龄和性别变量的交叉表明了所研究人群之间的差异和相似之处。