This study aims to investigate the enhanced anti-tumor effects and potential mechanisms of the combination of ginsenoside Rg3 with STING agonist through in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro experiments were conducted using MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T TNBC cells. Multiple techniques, including Western blotting, MTT assays, colony formation assays, wound healing assays, Transwell assays, immunofluorescence (IF), flow cytometry, and endothelial tube formation assays, were used to assess the effects and mechanisms of Rg3 and the STING agonists. In addition, a mouse xenograft model was established and validated in vivo, using immunohistochemistry and other detection methods. In vitro experiments showed that the combination of ginsenoside Rg3 and the STING agonist significantly inhibited the proliferation TNBC cells, suppressed TNBC cell stemness and the EMT process, and promoted apoptosis in TNBC cells. Moreover, their combined use altered the tumor microenvironment by inducing TAM/M1 polarization and reversing TAM/M2 polarization. It is worth noting that ginsenoside Rg3 inhibited the activation of NF-κB during the anti-tumor process of STING agonists, effectively impeding the growth, migration, and invasion of TNBC. In vivo experiments also corroborated these findings. The combination of ginsenoside Rg3 and STING agonist exerts superior anti-tumor effects by altering the biological functions of tumor cells and modifying the tumor microenvironment. This combination method provides a new treatment strategy for clinical treatment.

中文翻译：

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人参提取物（人参皂苷 RG3）与 STING 激动剂联合逆转 TAM/M2 极化，抑制 TNBC 进化


本研究旨在通过体外和体内实验探讨人参皂苷Rg3与STING激动剂联用增强的抗肿瘤作用及其潜在机制。使用 MDA-MB-231 和 Hs578T TNBC 细胞进行体外实验。使用多种技术，包括蛋白质印迹、MTT测定、集落形成测定、伤口愈合测定、Transwell测定、免疫荧光（IF）、流式细胞术和内皮管形成测定，来评估Rg3和STING激动剂的作用和机制。此外，利用免疫组织化学和其他检测方法建立了小鼠异种移植模型并在体内进行了验证。体外实验表明，人参皂苷Rg3与STING激动剂联合显着抑制TNBC细胞增殖，抑制TNBC细胞干细胞性和EMT过程，促进TNBC细胞凋亡。此外，它们的联合使用通过诱导 TAM/M1 极化和逆转 TAM/M2 极化来改变肿瘤微环境。值得注意的是，人参皂苷Rg3在STING激动剂抗肿瘤过程中抑制NF-κB的活化，有效阻碍TNBC的生长、迁移和侵袭。体内实验也证实了这些发现。人参皂苷Rg3与STING激动剂的组合通过改变肿瘤细胞的生物学功能和修饰肿瘤微环境发挥优异的抗肿瘤作用。这种联合方法为临床治疗提供了新的治疗策略。