Gravitational Wave Constraints on Planetary-Mass Primordial Black Holes Using LIGO O3a Data,Physical Review Letters

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Gravitational Wave Constraints on Planetary-Mass Primordial Black Holes Using LIGO O3a Data
Physical Review Letters ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.111401
Andrew L. Miller _{1,

2} , Nancy Aggarwal ₃ , Sébastien Clesse ₄ , Federico De Lillo ₅ , Surabhi Sachdev ₆ , Pia Astone ₇ , Cristiano Palomba ₇ , Ornella J. Piccinni ₈ , Lorenzo Pierini ₇

Affiliation

Gravitational waves from subsolar mass inspiraling compact objects would provide almost smoking-gun evidence for primordial black holes (PBHs). We perform the first search for inspiraling planetary-mass compact objects in equal-mass and highly asymmetric mass-ratio binaries using data from the first half of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA third observing run. Though we do not find any significant candidates, we determine the maximum luminosity distance reachable with our search to be of

O (0.1 - 100) kpc

, and corresponding model-independent upper limits on the merger rate densities to be

O (10^{3} - 10^{- 7}) {kpc}^{- 3} {yr}^{- 1}

for systems with chirp masses of

O (10^{- 4} - 10^{- 2}) M_{⊙}

, respectively. Furthermore, we interpret these rate densities as arising from PBH binaries and constrain the fraction of dark matter that such objects could comprise. For equal-mass PBH binaries, we find that these objects would compose less than 4%–100% of DM for PBH masses of

10^{- 2} M_{⊙}

2 \times 10^{- 3} M_{⊙}

, respectively. For asymmetric binaries, assuming one black hole mass corresponds to a peak in the mass function at

2.5 M_{⊙}

, a PBH dark-matter fraction of 10% and a second, much lighter PBH, we constrain the mass function of the second PBH to be less than 1 for masses between

1.5 \times 10^{- 5} M_{⊙}

and

2 \times 10^{- 4} M_{⊙}

. Our constraints, recently released, are robust enough to be applied to any PBH or exotic compact object binary formation models, and complement existence microlensing results.

中文翻译：

使用 LIGO O3a 数据对行星质量原初黑洞的引力波约束

太阳下质量激发致密天体产生的引力波将为原始黑洞（PBH）提供几乎确凿的证据。我们使用 LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA 第三次观测运行前半部分的数据，首次搜索等质量和高度不对称质量比双星中的吸气行星质量致密天体。尽管我们没有找到任何重要的候选者，但我们确定搜索可达到的最大光度距离为