The relationship between reduced serum uric acid (UA) levels and Parkinson’s disease (PD), particularly purine metabolic pathways, is not fully understood. Our study compared serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of inosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and UA in PD patients and healthy controls. We analyzed 132 samples (serum, 45 PD, and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls; CSF, 39 PD, and 19 age- and sex-matched healthy controls) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results showed significantly lower serum and CSF UA levels in PD patients than in controls (p < 0.0001; effect size r = 0.5007 in serum, p = 0.0046; r = 0.3720 in CSF). Decreased serum hypoxanthine levels were observed (p = 0.0002; r = 0.4338) in PD patients compared to controls with decreased CSF inosine and hypoxanthine levels (p < 0.0001, r = 0.5396: p = 0.0276, r = 0.2893). A general linear model analysis indicated that the reduced UA levels were mainly due to external factors such as sex and weight in serum and age and weight in CSF unrelated to the purine metabolic pathway. Our findings highlight that decreased UA levels in PD are influenced by factors beyond purine metabolism, including external factors such as sex, weight, and age, emphasizing the need for further research into the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic approaches.

血清尿酸（UA）水平降低与帕金森病（PD）之间的关系，特别是嘌呤代谢途径，尚不完全清楚。我们的研究比较了 PD 患者和健康对照者血清和脑脊液 (CSF) 中肌苷、次黄嘌呤、黄嘌呤和 UA 的水平。我们使用液相色谱-串联质谱分析了 132 个样本（血清、45 个 PD 和 29 个年龄和性别匹配的健康对照；CSF、39 个 PD 和 19 个年龄和性别匹配的健康对照）。结果显示，PD 患者的血清和脑脊液 UA 水平显着低于对照组（ p < 0.0001；血清中效应值r = 0.5007， p = 0.0046；脑脊液中r = 0.3720）。与脑脊液肌苷和次黄嘌呤水平降低的对照组相比，PD患者的血清次黄嘌呤水平降低（ p = 0.0002； r = 0.4338）（ p < 0.0001， r = 0.5396： p = 0.0276， r = 0.2893）。一般线性模型分析表明，UA水平降低主要是由于与嘌呤代谢途径无关的外部因素，例如血清中的性别和体重以及脑脊液中的年龄和体重。我们的研究结果强调，PD 中 UA 水平的降低受到嘌呤代谢以外的因素的影响，包括性别、体重和年龄等外部因素，强调需要进一步研究潜在的机制和潜在的治疗方法。