The function and value of specific sperm RNAs in apparently idiopathic male infertility are currently poorly understood. Whether differences exist in the sperm RNA profile between patients with infertility and fertile men needs clarification. Similarly, the utility of sperm RNAs in predicting successful sperm retrieval and assisted reproductive technique (ART) outcome is unknown. Patients with infertility and fertile individuals seem to have differences in the expression of non-coding RNAs that regulate genes controlling spermatogenesis. Several RNAs seem to influence embryo quality and development. Also, RNA types seem to predict successful sperm retrieval in patients with azoospermia. These findings suggest that sperm RNAs could influence decision-making during the management of patients with infertility. This evidence might help to identify possible therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating the expression of dysregulated genes in patients with infertility. Performing prospective studies with large sample sizes is necessary to investigate cost-effective panels consisting of proven molecular targets to ensure that this evidence can be translated to clinical practice.

目前，人们对特定精子 RNA 在特发性男性不育症中的功能和价值知之甚少。不育症患者和生育男性之间的精子 RNA 谱是否存在差异需要澄清。同样，精子 RNA 在预测成功取精和辅助生殖技术 (ART) 结果方面的效用尚不清楚。不孕症患者和生育力个体的非编码RNA表达似乎存在差异，这些RNA调节控制精子发生的基因。一些 RNA 似乎会影响胚胎质量和发育。此外，RNA 类型似乎可以预测无精子症患者成功取精。这些发现表明，精子 RNA 可能会影响不孕症患者治疗过程中的决策。这一证据可能有助于确定旨在调节不孕症患者失调基因表达的可能治疗方法。有必要进行大样本量的前瞻性研究，以调查由经过验证的分子靶点组成的具有成本效益的小组，以确保这些证据可以转化为临床实践。