Diets with high inclusion of corn co-products such as corn fermented protein (CFP) may contain excess Leu, which has a negative impact on feed intake and growth performance of pigs due to increased catabolism of Val and Ile and reduced availability of Trp in the brain for serotonin synthesis. However, we hypothesized that the negative effect of using CFP in diets for weanling pigs may be overcome if diets are fortified with crystalline sources of Val, Trp, and (or) Ile. Three hundred and twenty weanling pigs were randomly allotted to one of 10 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design, with 4 pigs per pen and 8 replicate pens per treatment. A corn-soybean meal diet and 2 basal diets based on corn and 10% CFP or corn and 20% CFP were formulated. Seven additional diets were formulated by fortifying the basal diet with 20% CFP with Ile, Trp, Val, Ile and Val, Ile and Trp, Trp and Val, or Ile, Trp and Val. A two-phase feeding program was used, with d 1 to 14 being phase 1 and d 15 to 28 being phase 2. Fecal scores were recorded every other day. Blood samples were collected on d 14 and 28 from one pig per pen. On d 14, fecal samples were collected from one pig per pen in 3 of the 10 treatments to determine volatile fatty acids, ammonium concentration, and microbial protein. These pigs were also euthanized and ileal tissue was collected. There were no effects of dietary treatments on any of the parameters evaluated in phase 1. Inclusion of 10% or 20% CFP in diets reduced (P < 0.05) final body weight on d 28, and average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) in phase 2 and for the entire experimental period. However, pigs fed the CFP diet supplemented with Val, Ile, and Trp had final body weight, ADFI, ADG and gain to feed ratio in phase 2 and for the entire experiment that was not different from pigs fed the control diet. Fecal scores in phase 2 were reduced (P < 0.05) if CFP was used. Corn fermented protein may be included by up to 20% in diets for weanling pigs without affecting growth performance, gut health, or hindgut fermentation, if diets are fortified with extra Val, Trp, and Ile. Inclusion of CFP also improved fecal consistency of pigs.

中文翻译：

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日粮中添加缬氨酸、异亮氨酸和色氨酸可以克服含有玉米发酵蛋白的断奶仔猪日粮中过量亮氨酸的负面影响


含有大量玉米副产品（例如玉米发酵蛋白（CFP））的日粮可能含有过量的亮氨酸，由于缬氨酸和异亮氨酸的分解代谢增加以及色氨酸的可用性降低，这对猪的采食量和生长性能产生负面影响。大脑合成血清素。然而，我们假设，如果在日粮中添加 Val、Trp 和（或）Ile 的结晶源，则可以克服在断奶仔猪日粮中使用 CFP 的负面影响。采用完全随机设计，将 320 头断奶猪随机分配到 10 种日粮处理中的一种，每栏 4 头猪，每个处理 8 个重复栏。配制玉米-豆粕日粮和2种基于玉米和10%CFP或玉米和20%CFP的基础日粮。通过用含 Ile、Trp、Val、Ile 和 Val、Ile 和 Trp、Trp 和 Val 或 Ile、Trp 和 Val 强化基础饮食来配制七种另外的饮食。采用两阶段喂养计划，第1至14天为第1阶段，第15至28天为第2阶段。每隔一天记录一次粪便评分。第 14 天和第 28 天从每栏一头猪采集血样。第 14 天，在 10 次处理中的 3 次中，从每栏的一头猪收集粪便样本，以确定挥发性脂肪酸、铵浓度和微生物蛋白质。这些猪也被安乐死并收集回肠组织。饮食治疗对第 1 阶段评估的任何参数均没有影响。饮食中添加 10% 或 20% CFP 可降低第 28 天的最终体重 (P < 0.05)、平均日增重 (ADG) 和平均体重第 2 阶段和整个实验期间的每日采食量 (ADFI)。 然而，饲喂补充了 Val、Ile 和 Trp 的 CFP 日粮的猪在第 2 阶段以及整个实验中的最终体重、ADFI、ADG 和增重与饲料比与饲喂对照日粮的猪没有不同。如果使用 CFP，第 2 阶段的粪便评分会降低 (P < 0.05)。如果日粮中添加额外的缬氨酸、色氨酸和异亮氨酸，则断奶仔猪日粮中玉米发酵蛋白的含量可高达 20%，而不会影响生长性能、肠道健康或后肠发酵。添加 CFP 还可以改善猪的粪便稠度。