Porous Si (p-Si) nanomaterials are an exciting class of inexpensive and abundant materials within the field of energy storage. Specifically, p-Si has been explored in battery anodes to improve charge storage capacity, to generate clean fuels through photocatalysis and photoelectrochemical processes, for the stoichiometric conversion of CO₂ to value added chemicals, and as a chemical H₂ storage material. p-Si can be made from synthetic, natural, and waste SiO₂ sources through a facile and inexpensive method called magnesiothermic reduction (MgTR). This yields a material with tunable properties and excellent energy storage capabilities. In order to tune the physical properties that affect performance metrics of p-Si, a deeper understanding of the mechanism of the MgTR and factors affecting it is required. In this perspective, we review the key developments in MgTR and discuss the thermal management strategies used to control the properties of p-Si. Additionally, we explore future research directions and approaches to bridge the gap between laboratory-scale experiments and industrial applications.

中文翻译：

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二氧化硅镁热还原的关键进展：反应活性和未来前景的见解


多孔硅（p-Si）纳米材料是能源存储领域中一类令人兴奋的廉价且丰富的材料。具体而言，p-Si已在电池阳极中进行探索，以提高电荷存储容量，通过光催化和光电化学过程产生清洁燃料，用于将CO ₂化学计量转化为增值化学品，以及作为化学H ₂存储材料。 p-Si 可以通过一种简单且廉价的方法（称为镁热还原 (MgTR)）由合成、天然和废弃 SiO ₂来源制成。这产生了一种具有可调特性和优异能量存储能力的材料。为了调整影响 p-Si 性能指标的物理特性，需要更深入地了解 MgTR 的机制和影响它的因素。从这个角度来看，我们回顾了 MgTR 的关键进展，并讨论了用于控制 p-Si 性能的热管理策略。此外，我们还探索未来的研究方向和方法，以弥合实验室规模实验和工业应用之间的差距。