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Carbon flow from roots to rhizobacterial networks: Grafting effects
Soil Biology and Biochemistry ( IF 9.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109580
He Zhang , Yang Ruan , Yakov Kuzyakov , Yizhu Qiao , Qicheng Xu , Qiwei Huang , Qirong Shen , Ning Ling

Plants recruit microorganisms from bulk soil by secreting easily available organic carbon into the rhizosphere. Grafting often increases the disease resistance of agricultural plants by modifying this carbon flow from roots into rhizosphere and by recruiting active microorganisms that suppress pathogens. Here, we continuously labeled grafted and ungrafted watermelon plants in a 13CO2 atmosphere to identify the active microorganisms assimilating root exudates. Multi-omics associated technologies (amplicon sequencing, metagenomics and metabolomics) combined with 13C tracing were used to examine the carbon flows, microbial utilization and transformation in the rhizosphere. The number of potentially active bacterial species recruited in the rhizosphere of grafted plants and utilizing root exudates was four times more than in ungrafted plants. These potentially active species matched to metagenome-assembled-genomes (MAGs) mainly belonging to Sphingomonas in the rhizosphere of ungrafted plants, and to Sphingomonas, Chitinophaga, Dyadobacter and Pseudoxanthomonas in the rhizosphere of grafted plants. Sphingomonas possesses the functional potential to metabolize a plant self-toxic substance, namely 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Furthermore, grafting shaped the complex metabolic interactions and changed the original metabolic dependence between the potentially active bacterial species. Grafting plants diversified belowground carbon flows, activating a greater number of beneficial microbes.

中文翻译:


从根部到根际细菌网络的碳流:嫁接效应



植物通过将容易获得的有机碳分泌到根际,从大块土壤中招募微生物。嫁接通常通过改变从根部到根际的碳流并通过募集抑制病原体的活性微生物来提高农业植物的抗病性。在这里,我们在 13CO2 气氛中连续标记嫁接和未嫁接的西瓜植物,以鉴定同化根系分泌物的活性微生物。采用多组学相关技术 (扩增子测序、宏基因组学和代谢组学) 结合 13C 示踪技术检测根际碳流动、微生物利用和转化。在嫁接植物的根际募集并利用根系分泌物的潜在活性细菌物种的数量是未嫁接植物的四倍。这些潜在活性物种与宏基因组组装基因组 (MAG) 相匹配,主要属于未嫁接植物根际的鞘氨醇单胞菌,以及嫁接植物根际的鞘氨醇、几丁质噬菌、Dyadobacter 和假黄单胞菌。鞘氨醇单胞菌具有代谢植物自毒物质(即 4-羟基苯甲酸)的功能潜力。此外,嫁接塑造了复杂的代谢相互作用,并改变了潜在活性细菌物种之间的原始代谢依赖性。嫁接植物使地下碳流多样化,激活了更多的有益微生物。
更新日期:2024-09-03
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