Water distribution systems (WDS) and power grids (PG) are critical infrastructure systems that are vital to all human activity. As such, their quality of service is of great importance for economic, environmental, and human welfare reasons. Although traditionally being analyzed separately, the two systems are interconnected and can mutually affect one another. In order to utilize the potential benefits that the two systems can produce for each other, their design and operation should be analyzed conjunctively. In this paper, a conjunctive optimal design approach for water and power networks is presented, with the objective of finding the dimensions of the systems’ facilities that will result in minimal overall costs, for both design and operation. The model is formulated and implemented on two example applications using an off-the-shelf nonlinear solver by MATLAB and compared to the optimal design of the independent WDS. A sensitivity analysis is performed to provide validity to the obtained results. The conjunctive design is compared to the design of an independent WDS to emphasize the effect of including the PG in the optimization problem. Results show a clear link between the availability of renewable energy and sizing of WDS components. The design of the independent WDS leads to the violation of PG constraints, which are satisfied when including both systems under a single optimization model, demonstrating the importance of a holistic design approach.

中文翻译：

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水电管网联合优化设计


配水系统 （WDS） 和电网 （PG） 是对所有人类活动至关重要的关键基础设施系统。因此，他们的服务质量对于经济、环境和人类福利非常重要。虽然传统上是单独分析的，但这两个系统是相互关联的，并且可以相互影响。为了利用这两个系统可以相互产生的潜在好处，应结合分析它们的设计和操作。在本文中，提出了一种用于水和电力网络的联合最佳设计方法，目的是找到系统设施的尺寸，从而在设计和运营方面实现最低的总体成本。该模型使用 MATLAB 的现成非线性求解器在两个示例应用程序上制定和实现，并与独立 WDS 的最佳设计进行了比较。执行敏感性分析以提供所获得结果的有效性。将联合设计与独立 WDS 的设计进行比较，以强调在优化问题中包含 PG 的效果。结果表明，可再生能源的可用性与 WDS 组件的尺寸之间存在明显的联系。独立 WDS 的设计会导致违反 PG 约束，当将两个系统包含在单个优化模型下时，可以满足这些约束，这表明整体设计方法的重要性。