Long-life sodium–sulfur batteries enabled by super-sodiophilic seeds,Energy & Environmental Science

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Long-life sodium–sulfur batteries enabled by super-sodiophilic seeds
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-09-09 , DOI: 10.1039/d4ee02996h
Jiarui He ₁ , Amruth Bhargav ₁ , Arumugam Manthiram ₁

Affiliation

Sodium–metal batteries (SMBs) are an appealing sustainable low-cost alternative to lithium–metal batteries due to their high theoretical capacity (1165 mA h g⁻¹) and abundance of sodium. However, the practical viability of SMBs is challenged by a non-uniform deposition and uncontrollable growth of dendrites at the Na–metal anode. We employ here a super-sodiophilic BiF₃ as a pre-planted seed to guide a uniform Na nucleation and deposition along the current collector. With the assistance of BiF₃, Na metal infiltrates easily into a carbon nanotube (CNT) paper matrix within a second. Such a Na anode exhibits a superior cycle life of >2000 h with an extremely low overpotential of only 13.5 mV and a high coulombic efficiency of 99%. A full cell assembled with this anode and a sulfur cathode with a low negative to positive electrode capacity (N/P) ratio of ∼2 exhibits good cycling stability over 700 cycles. This work demonstrates a promising approach for the development of sustainable, low-cost SMBs.

中文翻译：

超亲钠种子实现长寿命钠硫电池

钠金属电池（SMB）因其高理论容量（1165 mA hg ^-1 ）和丰富的钠而成为锂金属电池的一种有吸引力的可持续低成本替代品。然而，SMB 的实际可行性受到钠金属阳极不均匀沉积和枝晶不可控生长的挑战。我们在这里采用超亲钠 BiF ₃作为预先植入的种子，以引导均匀的 Na 成核和沿着集电器的沉积。在BiF ₃的帮助下，Na金属可以在一秒钟内轻松渗透到碳纳米管（CNT）纸基体中。这种Na阳极表现出>2000 h的优异循环寿命、仅13.5 mV的极低过电位和99%的高库伦效率。使用该阳极和硫阴极组装的全电池，其负电极容量（N/P）比约为 2，在 700 次循环中表现出良好的循环稳定性。这项工作展示了一种发展可持续、低成本中小企业的有前途的方法。

更新日期：2024-09-09

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