The novelty of the work lies in the design and development of a significantly low-cost lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ink similar in its electrical properties to its original solid materials, which can be used for 3-D printing to print electronic circuits, shape memory, and devices quickly. The Zr/Ti=52/48 ratio was achieved during the solid-state reaction to create the PZT powder. XRD, FT-IR, and SEM characterized the synthesized material. The PZT powder was found to form in a tetragonal phase. The PZT powder was used to prepare PZT ink with a 13 % Wt/Wt solid content composition. The ink's rheological characteristics and physical properties, such as particle size distribution, surface tension, viscosity, and electrical properties, were studied. Dielectric properties like dielectric constant (ε/) and dielectric loss (ε") indicate the poly-dispersive nature of the material. The temperature-dependent dielectric constant (ε/) curve indicates relaxor behavior with a maximum at high temperatures. The poly-dispersive nature of the material was analyzed using Cole-Cole plots. The frequency dependence of AC conductivity follows the universal power law. The temperature dependence of dc-conductivity follows the Arrhenius law, with an activation energy of 0.14 eV at lower temperatures and 0.85 eV at higher temperatures. The electrical conductance study showed that PZT ceramic can be used in electronic circuits because of its high resistivity value and small temperature coefficient of resistance. The piezoelectric measurement displays d33 as 129 pC/N at room temperature.

中文翻译：

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固体和钛酸铅锆墨水的制备、结构、电学和铁电性能


该工作的新颖之处在于设计和开发了一种成本显着降低的锆钛酸铅（PZT）墨水，其电性能与其原始固体材料相似，可用于3D打印以打印电子电路、形状内存和设备快速。在生成 PZT 粉末的固态反应过程中实现了 Zr/Ti=52/48 的比例。 XRD、FT-IR 和 SEM 对合成材料进行了表征。发现 PZT 粉末以四方相形成。 PZT粉末用于制备具有13％Wt/Wt固体含量组合物的PZT墨水。研究了油墨的流变特性和物理性能，如粒度分布、表面张力、粘度和电性能。介电常数 (ε/) 和介电损耗 (ε") 等介电特性表明材料的多色散性质。与温度相关的介电常数 (ε/) 曲线表明在高温下具有最大值的弛豫行为。使用 Cole-Cole 图分析了材料的色散性质。交流电导率的频率依赖性遵循通用幂律，直流电导率的温度依赖性遵循阿伦尼乌斯定律，在较低温度下的活化能为 0.14 eV，在较低温度下为 0.85 eV。电导研究表明，PZT 陶瓷因其高电阻率值和较小的电阻温度系数而可用于电子电路，压电测量显示室温下的 d33 为 129 pC/N。.