This study addresses one of the knowledge gaps in liquid tank safety, i.e., the assessment of the coupling hazards between physical processes and chemical reactions in liquid tanks under transient high temperatures. If the phase transition process of the liquid storage tank occurs simultaneously with a gaseous explosion, a significantly more intense energy release will be generated within the tank. However, due to the challenges of numerical calculations and the complexities of experimental design, current research has yet to explore the potential hazards associated with the explosion of vapor and air within liquid storage tanks. A novel numerical model has been established to simulate the coupled processes of phase transitions and chemical reactions in this research. The findings indicate that phase transition and chemical reactions commence at the intersection of the two-phase interfaces and the tank walls. After the cessation of transient high temperature, the upward trend in pressure and temperature within the tank will persist for a certain duration. As the radiation temperature rises and the duration extends, phase transition and chemical reactions within the liquid tank occur increasingly earlier. The duration of the chemical reactions decreases as the radiation temperature increases and the duration extends; however, the molar concentration of reactants consumed during the reaction does not exhibit a monotonic change. The intersection of the high-temperature hazard zone and the premixed hazard zone, where both ignition energy and concentration conditions are met, can lead to intense chemical reactions. As the radiation temperature rises, the ignition energy also increases; however, this leads to greater instability in the premixed hazard zone, thereby increasing the likelihood of secondary explosions.

中文翻译：

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热辐射下液罐相变物理过程与化学反应耦合机制


本研究解决了液罐安全的知识空白之一，即瞬态高温下液罐物理过程和化学反应之间的耦合危害评估。如果液体储罐的相变过程与气体爆炸同时发生，罐内将产生明显更强烈的能量释放。然而，由于数值计算的挑战和实验设计的复杂性，目前的研究尚未探索与液体储罐内蒸气和空气爆炸相关的潜在危险。本研究建立了一种新颖的数值模型来模拟相变和化学反应的耦合过程。研究结果表明，相变和化学反应在两相界面和罐壁的交叉处开始。短暂高温停止后，罐内压力和温度的上升趋势将持续一段时间。随着辐射温度升高和持续时间延长，液槽内的相变和化学反应发生得越来越早。化学反应的持续时间随着辐射温度的升高而减少，持续时间延长；然而，反应过程中消耗的反应物的摩尔浓度并不表现出单调变化。高温危险区和预混危险区的交汇处，同时满足点火能量和浓度条件，可导致激烈的化学反应。 随着辐射温度升高，点火能量也增大；然而，这会导致预混合危险区域更加不稳定，从而增加二次爆炸的可能性。