This study addresses one of the knowledge gaps in liquid tank safety, i.e., the assessment of the coupling hazards between physical processes and chemical reactions in liquid tanks under transient high temperatures. If the phase transition process of the liquid storage tank occurs simultaneously with a gaseous explosion, a significantly more intense energy release will be generated within the tank. However, due to the challenges of numerical calculations and the complexities of experimental design, current research has yet to explore the potential hazards associated with the explosion of vapor and air within liquid storage tanks. A novel numerical model has been established to simulate the coupled processes of phase transitions and chemical reactions in this research. The findings indicate that phase transition and chemical reactions commence at the intersection of the two-phase interfaces and the tank walls. After the cessation of transient high temperature, the upward trend in pressure and temperature within the tank will persist for a certain duration. As the radiation temperature rises and the duration extends, phase transition and chemical reactions within the liquid tank occur increasingly earlier. The duration of the chemical reactions decreases as the radiation temperature increases and the duration extends; however, the molar concentration of reactants consumed during the reaction does not exhibit a monotonic change. The intersection of the high-temperature hazard zone and the premixed hazard zone, where both ignition energy and concentration conditions are met, can lead to intense chemical reactions. As the radiation temperature rises, the ignition energy also increases; however, this leads to greater instability in the premixed hazard zone, thereby increasing the likelihood of secondary explosions.

中文翻译：

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热辐射下液罐相变过程中物理过程与化学反应的耦合机理


本研究解决了液罐安全方面的知识空白之一，即评估瞬时高温下液罐中物理过程和化学反应之间的耦合危害。如果储液罐的相变过程与气体爆炸同时发生，则罐内将产生明显更强烈的能量释放。然而，由于数值计算的挑战和实验设计的复杂性，目前的研究尚未探索与液体储罐内蒸汽和空气爆炸相关的潜在危险。本研究建立了一种新的数值模型来模拟相变和化学反应的耦合过程。研究结果表明，相变和化学反应始于两相界面和罐壁的交点。瞬态高温停止后，罐内压力和温度的上升趋势将持续一段时间。随着辐射温度的升高和持续时间的延长，液罐内的相变和化学反应越来越早发生。化学反应的持续时间随着辐射温度的升高和持续时间的延长而缩短;然而，反应过程中消耗的反应物的摩尔浓度不会表现出单调变化。高温危险区和预混合危险区的交集（点火能量和浓度条件都满足）可能导致强烈的化学反应。 随着辐射温度的升高，点火能量也随之增加;然而，这会导致预混危险区的不稳定性更大，从而增加二次爆炸的可能性。