Climate change posed the greatest threat to human sustainable development, and reducing carbon emissions was a pressing issue for all humanity. Among the most energy-intensive and carbon emissions industries, the iron and steel industry (ISI) represented almost 5 % of energy consumption and 7 % carbon emissions around the world. The ISI faced severe challenges from the “relative constraints” of carbon emissions intensity to the “absolute constrains” of total carbon emissions. Waste heat played an indispensable role in the low-carbon development of ISI. The heat contained in the blast furnace slag (BFS) was considerable, and it was an important position to be occupied. In recent decades, the proposal and development of dry centrifugal granulation (DCG) technology had provided researchers with great encouragement and brought the dawn to overcome the problem of slag waste heat recovery. This technology had been hailed as one of the most suitable technologies to boost sustainable transition of the ISI. This paper provided a detailed review of DCG technology including granulation characteristics of BFS, flight and impingement behavior of slag particles, slag transformation in granulation chamber, waste heat recovery process, etc. Furthermore, the implementation and technical characteristics of semi- and industrialization implementation for DCG technology were explored and elaborated as comprehensively as possible. Ultimately, the problems existing in the development of this technology were analyzed, and suggested the future direction and challenges. This paper aiming to pave the way for the waste heat recovery of BFS while supporting the market penetration and enhancing the role in the fight against climate change for ISI.

中文翻译：

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打破炉渣余热回收的界限：干法离心造粒技术综述与未来展望


气候变化是人类可持续发展面临的最大威胁，减少碳排放是全人类面临的紧迫问题。在能源最密集和碳排放最密集的行业中，钢铁工业 （ISI） 占全球能源消耗的近 5% 和碳排放量的 7%。ISI 面临着从碳排放强度的“相对约束”到总碳排放量的“绝对约束”的严峻挑战。余热在 ISI 的低碳发展中发挥了不可或缺的作用。高炉渣 （BFS） 中所含的热量相当大，是一个需要占据的重要位置。近几十年来，干法离心造粒 （DCG） 技术的提出和发展为研究人员提供了极大的鼓励，并为克服炉渣余热回收问题带来了曙光。这项技术被誉为促进 ISI 可持续转型的最合适技术之一。本文详细综述了 DCG 技术，包括 BFS 的造粒特性、渣颗粒的飞行和撞击行为、造粒室中的渣转化、余热回收过程等。此外，尽可能全面地探索和阐述了 DCG 技术半工业化实现的实现和技术特点。最后，分析了该技术发展中存在的问题，并提出了未来的方向和挑战。本文旨在为 BFS 的余热回收铺平道路，同时支持市场渗透并加强 ISI 在应对气候变化中的作用。