This paper examines how entrepreneurs manage temporal commitments associated with hyped audience expectations. We examine hype in the crowdfunding context, conducting an inductive study of 155 entrepreneur project updates from five new ventures that mobilized significant funding on Kickstarter. Entrepreneur updates were matched with 17,807 backer comments, creating call and response pairs. Using LIWC sentiment analysis, we tracked changes in backer negative tone over time and observed spikes and dips corresponding with temporal events. The pattern suggested that entrepreneurs have techniques to tamp down negative sentiment from backers as they delay product shipments. Through inductive examination of entrepreneur and backer interactions, we uncover entrepreneurs' use of four narrative practices to manage the temporal constraints of hyped audience expectations: frequent communication, evidence of progress, proximal temporal reach, and time-quality trade-off. While initially effective, these practices have diminishing returns over time, eventually triggering backer outrage as continual delays frustrate backers. We additionally find that the effectiveness of the narrative practices is influenced by external temporal pacers, with entrepreneurs using pacers to amplify narrative practice effectiveness, while backers use them as reasons to reject delays.

中文翻译：

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驾驭创业炒作的时间承诺：来自众筹企业中企业家和支持者互动的见解


本文研究了企业家如何管理与炒作的受众期望相关的时间承诺。我们研究了众筹背景下的炒作，对来自 5 家新企业的 155 个企业家项目更新进行了归纳研究，这些企业在 Kickstarter 上筹集了大量资金。企业家更新与 17,807 条支持者评论相匹配，创建了呼叫和响应对。使用 LIWC 情绪分析，我们跟踪了支持者负面基调随时间的变化，并观察到与时间事件相对应的峰值和低谷。这种模式表明，企业家有技巧可以在延迟产品发货时抑制支持者的负面情绪。通过对企业家和支持者互动的归纳检查，我们揭示了企业家使用四种叙事实践来管理炒作的受众期望的时间限制：频繁的沟通、进展的证据、近端的时间范围和时间质量权衡。虽然这些做法最初有效，但随着时间的推移，回报递减，最终引发了支持者的愤怒，因为持续的拖延让支持者感到沮丧。我们还发现，叙事实践的有效性受到外部时间起搏器的影响，企业家使用起搏器来放大叙事实践的有效性，而支持者则使用它们作为拒绝延迟的理由。