Exploring the links between moist processes, convection, and intensification in modeled tropical cyclones (TCs) remains an important object in the TC internal dynamics. In this study, the full life cycle of an idealized TC is diagnosed by a local moist available energy budget. In general, the diabatic term in available potential energy (APE) mainly from the microphysical processes dominates the rapid intensification (RI) of the TC, while the uplift term makes a negative and considerable contribution, implying the importance of water lifting in TC development. The budgets at different layers in the inner region are further explored. In the lower troposphere, the downward transport of the vertical pressure flux dominates the growth of the available elastic energy (AEE); the planetary boundary layer (PBL) and the microphysical processes contribute more to APE in the pre-RI and RI stage, respectively. In the mid-upper troposphere, the diabatic term mainly from the microphysical processes leads to the growth of APE; then the increased APE is converted into mechanical energy and ultimately the cyclone intensifies. The vertical pressure fluxes transport downward below 10 km and upward above 10 km, with the AEE being deposited in the lower troposphere and removed in the mid-upper troposphere. Compared to previous budget analyses, our approach emphasizes the conditional instability of the atmosphere and the corresponding result aligns more closely with the conditional instability of the second kind (CISK) mechanism. Also, the divergence of the APE flux at high levels indicates an instantaneous strengthening of the wind speed model.

中文翻译：

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关于理想化热带气旋的当地可用能量预算


探索模拟热带气旋 (TC) 中潮湿过程、对流和强化之间的联系仍然是 TC 内部动力学的重要目标。在这项研究中，理想化 TC 的整个生命周期是通过当地潮湿的可用能量预算来诊断的。总体而言，主要来自微物理过程的可用势能（APE）中的非绝热项主导了热带气旋的快速强化（RI），而抬升项则做出了相当大的负贡献，这意味着水抬升在热带气旋发展中的重要性。进一步探索内陆地区各级预算。在对流层低层，垂直压力通量的向下传输主导了可用弹性能（AEE）的增长；行星边界层（PBL）和微物理过程分别对预RI和RI阶段的APE贡献更大。在对流层中上层，主要来自微物理过程的非绝热项导致了APE的生长；然后增加的 APE 转化为机械能，最终旋风增强。垂直压力通量在 10 km 以下向下传输，在 10 km 以上向上传输，AEE 在对流层低层沉积，在对流层中上层去除。与之前的预算分析相比，我们的方法强调了大气的条件不稳定性，相应的结果与第二类（CISK）机制的条件不稳定性更加一致。此外，高水平 APE 通量的发散表明风速模型的瞬时加强。