The adoption of standardized metrics and indicators of antimicrobial use (AMU) in the food animal industry is essential for the success of programs aimed at promoting the responsible and judicious use of antimicrobials in this activity. The objective of this study was to introduce the use of standardized AMU metrics and indicators to quantify the use of florfenicol and oxytetracycline in the Chilean salmon industry, and in this way evaluate the feasibility of their use given the type of health and production information currently managed by the National Fisheries and Aquaculture Service (SERNAPESCA), the Chilean agency responsible for regulating aquaculture in Chile. The data available from SERNAPESCA allowed the construction and evaluation of the most data-demanding AMU metrics and indicators. Consequently, the use of florfenicol and oxytetracycline administered by oral and parenteral routes was quantified using the treatment incidence based on both animal defined daily dose (TI) and animal used daily dose (TI). To that end, the study included information from 1320 closed production cycles from farms rearing Atlantic salmon, coho salmon and rainbow trout that were active between January 2017 and December 2021. By applying standardized AMU metrics and indicators, we were able to determine that the median of TI for florfenicol was 75.1 (80 % range, 20.0–158.0) DDDvet per ton-year at risk for oral procedures and 0.36 (80 % range, 0.07–1.19) DDDvet per ton-year at risk for parenteral procedures. For oxytetracycline, the median TI was 3.09 (80 % range, 0.74–42.8) and 0.47 (80 % range, 0.09–1.68) DDDvet per ton-year at risk for oral and parenteral procedures, respectively. The median TI for treatments with florfenicol was 45.6 (80 % range, 10.9–96.5) UDDA per ton-year at risk for oral treatments and 0.28 (80 % range, 0.05–0.80) UDDA per ton-year at risk for parenteral treatments. For oxytetracycline, the median TI was 2.63 (80 % range, 0.61–28.2) UDDA per ton-year at risk for oral treatments and 0.41 (80 % range, 0.08–1.29) UDDA per ton-year at risk for parenteral treatments. This study demonstrates that it is feasible to move from traditional AMU metrics and indicators to standardized ones in the Chilean salmon industry. This is possible because the competent authority requires salmon farms to report detailed health and production information at a high frequency. The use of standardized AMU metrics and indicators can help the authority to have a more comprehensive view of the antimicrobial use in the Chilean salmon industry.

中文翻译：

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使用标准化指标和指标量化智利三文鱼行业的抗菌药物消耗量：以氟苯尼考和土霉素为例


在食用动物行业中采用标准化的抗菌药物使用指标（AMU）对于旨在促进该活动中负责任和明智地使用抗菌药物的计划的成功至关重要。本研究的目的是介绍标准化 AMU 指标的使用，以量化智利鲑鱼行业中氟苯尼考和土霉素的使用，并通过这种方式评估其使用的可行性（考虑到当前管理的健康和生产信息类型）由负责监管智利水产养殖的智利机构国家渔业和水产养殖局 (SERNAPESCA) 负责。 SERNAPESCA 提供的数据允许构建和评估最需要数据的 AMU 指标和指标。因此，通过口服和肠胃外途径施用氟苯尼考和土霉素的使用是使用基于动物规定的每日剂量（TI）和动物使用的每日剂量（TI）的治疗发生率来量化的。为此，该研究纳入了来自 2017 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间活跃的大西洋鲑鱼、银鲑鱼和虹鳟鱼养殖场的 1320 个封闭生产周期的信息。通过应用标准化 AMU 指标和指标，我们能够确定中位数氟苯尼考的​​ TI 口服手术风险为每吨年 75.1（80% 范围，20.0–158.0）DDDvet，肠胃外手术风险为每吨年 0.36（80% 范围，0.07–1.19）DDDvet。对于土霉素，口服和肠胃外手术风险中的 TI 中位数分别为每吨年 3.09（80% 范围，0.74-42.8）和 0.47（80% 范围，0.09-1.68）DDDvet。氟苯尼考治疗的中位 TI 为 45.6（80% 范围，10.9-96。5) 口服治疗的风险为每吨年 UDDA，肠外治疗的风险为每吨年 0.28（80% 范围，0.05–0.80）UDDA。对于土霉素，口服治疗风险的中位 TI 为每吨年 2.63（80% 范围，0.61-28.2）UDDA，胃肠外治疗风险为每吨年 0.41（80% 范围，0.08-1.29）UDDA。这项研究表明，智利三文鱼行业从传统的 AMU 指标转向标准化指标是可行的。这是可能的，因为主管部门要求鲑鱼养殖场高频次报告详细的健康和生产信息。使用标准化 AMU 指标和指标可以帮助当局更全面地了解智利三文鱼行业的抗菌药物使用情况。