Photocatalytic oxidation technology has great potential in solving energy and environmental challenges. Here, an innovative theoretical framework based on Au/Bi2WO6/PVDF ternary composite films that integrates piezoelectric polarization with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) was proposed, aiming to effectively break through these technical bottlenecks. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra, photocurrent density-time curves, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV–vis DRS) unequivocally visualize the substantial enhancement imparted by Au NPs. Under the co-excitation of illumination and ultrasonic treatment, the Au/BWO/PVDF ternary heterostructure demonstrated an impressive 98.1 % degradation rate of Rhodamine B (RhB) within 60 min and a high pseudo-first-order kinetic constant (k) of 0.0644 min−1. The superior piezo-photocatalytic degradation activity was primarily attributed to the built-in bi-piezoelectric field of BWO and PVDF as well as the LSPR effect of Au NPs. Based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) techniques, condensed Fukui function, and frontier molecular orbital theory, we comprehensively summarized the potential degradation pathways of RhB. On this basis, the toxicological assessment results confirmed that the piezo-photocatalytic system can effectively reduce the ecological toxicity of RhB. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) calculations elucidated the charge transfer pathway at the Au/BWO contact interface, revealing the transfer of free electrons from Au to BWO.

中文翻译：

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使用 Au/Bi2WO6/PVDF 柔性薄膜进行双压电和等离子体增强光催化处理染料废水：异质界面工程、降解途径和机理见解


光催化氧化技术在解决能源和环境挑战方面具有巨大潜力。在此，提出了一种基于 Au/Bi2WO6/PVDF 三元复合薄膜的创新理论框架，该框架将压电极化与局域表面等离子体共振 （LSPR） 相结合，旨在有效突破这些技术瓶颈。光致发光 （PL） 光谱、光电流密度-时间曲线和 UV-vis 漫反射光谱 （UV-vis DRS） 明确地可视化了 Au NP 赋予的实质性增强。在照明和超声处理的共激发下，Au/BWO/PVDF 三元异质结构在 60 分钟内表现出令人印象深刻的 98.1% 的罗丹明 B （RhB） 降解率和 0.0644 min-1 的高准一阶动力学常数 （k）。优异的压电光催化降解活性主要归因于 BWO 和 PVDF 的内置双压电场以及 Au NPs 的 LSPR 效应。基于液相色谱-质谱 （LC-MS） 技术、浓缩福井函数和前沿分子轨道理论，我们全面总结了 RhB 的潜在降解途径。在此基础上，毒理学评价结果证实，压电光催化体系可有效降低 RhB 的生态毒性。此外，密度泛函理论 （DFT） 计算阐明了 Au/BWO 接触界面处的电荷转移途径，揭示了自由电子从 Au 到 BWO 的转移。